ArticleEvolutionary applications2013
Do evolutionary life-history trade-offs influence prostate cancer risk? a review of population variation in testosterone levels and prostate cancer disparities.
Article in Evolutionary applications, 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 10 papers.
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10 citing papers in PubMed.
- Survival of veterans treated with enzalutamide and abiraterone for metastatic castrate resistant prostate cancer based on comorbid diseases.Prostate cancer and prostatic diseases · 2023Observational
- Evidence for an adolescent sensitive period to family experiences influencing adult male testosterone production.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2022Article
- Insights from evolutionarily relevant models for human ageing.Philosophical transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological sciences · 2020Article
- WEIRD bodies: mismatch, medicine and missing diversity.Evolution and human behavior : official journal of the Human Behavior and Evolution Society · 2020Article
- Mating induces switch from hormone-dependent to hormone-independent steroid receptor-mediated growth in Drosophila secondary cells.PLoS biology · 2019Article
- Cancer: A disease at the crossroads of trade-offs.Evolutionary applications · 2017Article
- Adiposity, CVD risk factors and testosterone: Variation by partnering status and residence with children in US men.Evolution, medicine, and public health · 2017Article
- Adversity, Adaptive Calibration, and Health: The Case of Disadvantaged Families.Adaptive human behavior and physiology · 2016Article
- Cancer susceptibility and reproductive trade-offs: a model of the evolution of cancer defences.Philosophical transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological sciences · 2015Article
- Modern reproductive patterns associated with estrogen receptor positive but not negative breast cancer susceptibility.Evolution, medicine, and public health · 2014Article
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Abstract
An accumulation of evidence suggests that increased exposure to androgens is associated with prostate cancer risk. The unrestricted energy budget that is typical of Western diets represents a novel departure from the conditions in which men's steroid physiology evolved and is capable of supporting distinctly elevated testosterone levels. Although nutritional constraints likely underlie divergent patterns of testosterone secretion between Westernized and non-Western men, considerable variability exists in men's testosterone levels and prostate cancer rates within Westernized populations. Here, I use evolutionary life history theory as a framework to examine prostate cancer risk. Life history theory posits trade-offs between investment in early reproduction and long-term survival. One corollary of life history theory is the 'challenge hypothesis', which predicts that males augment testosterone levels in response to intrasexual competition occurring within reproductive contexts. Understanding men's evolved steroid physiology may contribute toward understanding susceptibility to prostate cancer. Among well-nourished populations of Westerners, men's testosterone levels already represent an outlier of cross-cultural variation. I hypothesize that Westernized men in aggressive social environments, characterized by intense male-male competition, will further augment testosterone production aggravating prostate cancer risk.
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