Evidence map›Paper›PMID 23392608›Full record

ArticleGenes & development2013

ω-6 Polyunsaturated fatty acids extend life span through the activation of autophagy.

Eyleen J O'Rourke, Petric Kuballa, Ramnik Xavier, Gary Ruvkun

Open access · diamondAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Genes & development, 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 114 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
114citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

114 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 190 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Guideline
  2. Article
  3. Microorganisms · 2026
    Article
  4. Article
  5. Article
  6. Autophagy activator AA-20 improves proteostasis and extendsProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2025
    Article
  7. Aging and Altered Gravity: A Cellular Perspective.FASEB journal : official publication of the Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology · 2025
    Review
  8. Forward genetics ineLife · 2025
    Article
  9. Review
  10. Article
  11. Anti-Aging Potential of Avocado Oil via Its Antioxidant Effects.Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025
    Review
  12. Article
  13. Review
  14. Review
  15. Article
  16. Article
  17. Article
  18. Article
  19. Article
  20. Article

54 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.

Eyleen J O'RourkeDepartment of Molecular Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02114, USA.
Petric Kuballa
Ramnik Xavier
Gary Ruvkun
Massachusetts General Hospital · USHarvard University · US

Funding

Pilot & Feasibility ProgramP30DK043351 · NIDDK · MASSACHUSETTS GENERAL HOSPITAL · PI Ramnik J Xavier · 1991 to 2026
$35.3M
Genomic analysis of C. elegans fat regulatory pathwaysR01DK070147 · NIDDK · MASSACHUSETTS GENERAL HOSPITAL · PI RUVKUN, GARY B · 2004 to 2012
$3.6M
Conserved Mechanisms of Lipid Homeostasis in C. elegansR00DK087928 · NIDDK · UNIVERSITY OF VIRGINIA · PI O'ROURKE, EYLEEN JORGELINA · 2013 to 2015
$730k
Conserved Mechanisms of Lipid Homeostasis in C. elegansK99DK087928 · NIDDK · MASSACHUSETTS GENERAL HOSPITAL · PI O'ROURKE, EYLEEN JORGELINA · 2010 to 2011
$180k
NIDDK NIH HHS K99 DK087928NIDDK NIH HHS K99DK087928NIDDK NIH HHS P30 DK043351NIDDK NIH HHS R00 DK087928NIDDK NIH HHS R01 DK070147NIDDK NIH HHS R01DK070147
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Adaptation to nutrient scarcity depends on the activation of metabolic programs to efficiently use internal reserves of energy. Activation of these programs in abundant food regimens can extend life span. However, the common molecular and metabolic changes that promote adaptation to nutritional stress and extend life span are mostly unknown. Here we present a response to fasting, enrichment of ω-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs), which promotes starvation resistance and extends Caenorhabditis elegans life span. Upon fasting, C. elegans induces the expression of a lipase, which in turn leads to an enrichment of ω-6 PUFAs. Supplementing C. elegans culture media with these ω-6 PUFAs increases their resistance to starvation and extends their life span in conditions of food abundance. Supplementation of C. elegans or human epithelial cells with these ω-6 PUFAs activates autophagy, a cell recycling mechanism that promotes starvation survival and slows aging. Inactivation of C. elegans autophagy components reverses the increase in life span conferred by supplementing the C. elegans diet with these fasting-enriched ω-6 PUFAs. We propose that the salubrious effects of dietary supplementation with ω-3/6 PUFAs (fish oils) that have emerged from epidemiological studies in humans may be due to a similar activation of autophagic programs.

Indexed as

AnimalsAutophagyCaenorhabditis elegansCaenorhabditis elegans ProteinsCell LineFastingFatty Acids, Omega-6Gene Expression RegulationHeLa CellsHumansLipaseLipolysisLongevityMiceSurvival AnalysisCaenorhabditis elegans ProteinsFatty Acids, Omega-6LipaseLIPL-4 protein, C elegans

Identifiers

PMID23392608
PMCPMC3589559
OpenAlexW2050552746

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.