SynthesisClinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America2013
Assessment of serosurveys for H5N1.
Synthesis in Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America, 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 21 papers, 4 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
21 citing papers in PubMed, 4 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Serological Evidence of Human Infection With Avian Influenza A(H7N9) Virus: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.The Journal of infectious diseases · 2022Pooled it
- Serological evidence of human infections with highly pathogenic avian influenza A(H5N1) virus: a systematic review and meta-analysis.BMC medicine · 2020Pooled it
- Seroprevalence of H7N9 infection among humans: A systematic review and meta-analysis.Influenza and other respiratory viruses · 2020Pooled it
- CONSISE statement on the reporting of Seroepidemiologic Studies for influenza (ROSES-I statement): an extension of the STROBE statement.Influenza and other respiratory viruses · 2017Guideline
- Long-term efficacy of an inactivated H5N1 whole-particle influenza vaccine in nonhuman primates.NPJ vaccines · 2025Article
- Pandemic risk stemming from the bovine H5N1 outbreak: an account of the knowns and unknowns.Journal of virology · 2025Review
- Article
- Serologic Evidence of Recent Infection with Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza A(H5) Virus Among Dairy Workers - Michigan and Colorado, June-August 2024.MMWR. Morbidity and mortality weekly report · 2024Article
- Review
- Avian Influenza A Virus Infection among Workers at Live Poultry Markets, China, 2013-2016.Emerging infectious diseases · 2018Article
- Mild Respiratory Illness Among Young Children Caused by Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza A (H5N1) Virus Infection in Dhaka, Bangladesh, 2011.The Journal of infectious diseases · 2017Article
- H5 influenza, a global update.Journal of microbiology (Seoul, Korea) · 2017Review
- Changes in heterosubtypic antibody responses during the first year of the 2009 A(H1N1) influenza pandemic.Scientific reports · 2016Article
- Serological Evidence of Human Infection with Avian Influenza A H7virus in Egyptian Poultry Growers.PloS one · 2016Article
- Differences in the Epidemiology of Human Cases of Avian Influenza A(H7N9) and A(H5N1) Viruses Infection.Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America · 2015Article
- Avian influenza A(H5N1) and A(H9N2) seroprevalence and risk factors for infection among Egyptians: a prospective, controlled seroepidemiological study.The Journal of infectious diseases · 2015Article
- Article
- Does exposure to poultry and wild fowl confer immunity to H5N1?Chinese medical journal · 2014Article
- Article
- Monitoring avian influenza A(H7N9) virus through national influenza-like illness surveillance, China.Emerging infectious diseases · 2013Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
6 authors.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundIt has been suggested that the true case-fatality rate of human H5N1 influenza infection is appreciably less than the figure of approximately 60% that is based on official World Health Organization (WHO)-confirmed case reports because asymptomatic cases may have been missed. A number of seroepidemiologic studies have been conducted in an attempt to identify such missed cases.
methodsWe conducted a comprehensive literature review of all English-language H5N1 human serology surveys with detailed attention to laboratory methodology used (including whether investigators used criteria set by the WHO to define positive cases), laboratory controls used, and the clades/genotypes involved.
resultsTwenty-nine studies were included in the analysis. Few reported using unexposed control groups and one-third did not apply WHO criteria. Of studies that used WHO criteria, only 4 found any seropositive results to clades/genotypes of H5N1 that are currently circulating. No studies reported seropositive results to the clade 2/genotype Z viruses that have spread throughout Eurasia and Africa.
conclusionsThis review suggests that the frequency of positive H5 serology results is likely to be low; therefore, it is essential that future studies adhere to WHO criteria and include unexposed controls in their laboratory assays to limit the likelihood of false-positive results.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.