ArticleJournal of studies on alcohol and drugs2013
Relationships among independent major depressions, alcohol use, and other substance use and related problems over 30 years in 397 families.
Article in Journal of studies on alcohol and drugs, 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 16 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
16 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 40 citations in OpenAlex.
- A review of the relationship between dimensions of alcohol consumption and the burden of disease: 2026 update including Mendelian randomisation studies.Addiction (Abingdon, England) · 2026Pooled it
- Drinking to cope with negative emotions moderates alcohol use disorder treatment response in patients with co-occurring anxiety disorder.Drug and alcohol dependence · 2016Trial
- Blood Alcohol Concentration in Finnish Suicide Deaths and Associated Risk Factors, 2016-2024.Acta psychiatrica Scandinavica · 2026Article
- Alcohol milestones and internalizing, externalizing, and executive function: longitudinal and polygenic score associations.Psychological medicine · 2024Article
- Neutral sphingomyelinase mediates the co-morbidity trias of alcohol abuse, major depression and bone defects.Molecular psychiatry · 2021Article
- Drinking patterns of college students with comorbid depression and anxiety symptoms: The moderating role of gender.Journal of substance use · 2021Article
- Non-pharmacological factors that determine drug use and addiction.Neuroscience and biobehavioral reviews · 2020Review
- Nexus of despair: A network analysis of suicidal ideation among veterans.Archives of suicide research : official journal of the International Academy for Suicide Research · 2020Article
- The Lifespan Human Connectome Project in Aging: An overview.NeuroImage · 2019Article
- Indexing the 'dark side of addiction': substance-induced affective symptoms and alcohol use disorders.Addiction (Abingdon, England) · 2019Article
- Dual Depression: A Sex Perspective.Addictive disorders & their treatment · 2017Article
- Predictors of Patterns of Alcohol-Related Blackouts Over Time in Youth From the Collaborative Study of the Genetics of Alcoholism: The Roles of Genetics and Cannabis.Journal of studies on alcohol and drugs · 2017Article
- Gender Differences in the Relationships Among Major Depressive Disorder, Heavy Alcohol Use, and Mental Health Treatment Engagement Among College Students.Journal of studies on alcohol and drugs · 2016Article
- The patterns of drug and alcohol use and associated problems over 30 years in 397 men.Alcoholism, clinical and experimental research · 2014Article
- Seventy-five years of comorbidity research.Journal of studies on alcohol and drugs. Supplement · 2014Review
- Predictors of subgroups based on maximum drinks per occasion over six years for 833 adolescents and young adults in COGA.Journal of studies on alcohol and drugs · 2014Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
objectiveAlthough heavy drinking is related to sadness on multiple levels, the link between alcohol use disorders (AUDs) and major depressive episodes (MDEs) is more controversial. One complicating factor is that some MDEs are temporary and only occur in the context of heavy drinking, whereas other MDEs are longer lasting and occur independently of intense alcohol intake (i.e., independent depressive episodes [IDEs]). We hypothesized that a longitudinal study that uses validated interviews with subjects and relatives and distinguishes between IDEs and alcohol-induced depressive episodes would reveal little evidence of a link between IDEs and AUDs.
methodHistories of AUDs, IDEs, and substance-induced depressions were prospectively evaluated over 30 years in 397 male probands from the San Diego Prospective Study and in their 449 offspring using questions extracted from the Semi-Structured Assessment for the Genetics of Alcoholism interview.
resultsThe rate of IDEs over 30 years in the 397 probands was 15.3% overall. Among probands who developed AUDs, 31% of their depressive episodes were substance induced, not IDEs. For these men followed over 3 decades, those with IDEs had no increased rate of AUDs and evidenced no higher rate of use or abuse/dependence on illicit substances. Similar conclusions applied to their 449 offspring ages 12 years and older.
conclusionsThese data support the importance of distinguishing between IDE and substance-induced depressions when evaluating the relationship between AUDs and depression syndromes.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.