ArticlePloS one2013
Developmental exposure to fluoxetine modulates the serotonin system in hypothalamus.
Article in PloS one, 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 13 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
13 citing papers in PubMed, 26 citations in OpenAlex.
- Fluoxetine exposure alters behavior and morphology ofmicroPublication biology · 2025Article
- Occurrence and removal of psychiatric pharmaceuticals in the Tehran South Municipal Wastewater Treatment Plant.Environmental science and pollution research international · 2023Article
- Environmental risk assessments of multiclass pharmaceutical active compounds: selection of high priority concern pharmaceuticals using entropy-utility functions.Environmental science and pollution research international · 2021Article
- The plus maze and scototaxis test are not valid behavioral assays for anxiety assessment in the South African clawed frog.Journal of comparative physiology. A, Neuroethology, sensory, neural, and behavioral physiology · 2019Article
- Sub-lethal effects induced by a mixture of different pharmaceutical drugs in predicted environmentally relevant concentrations on Lithobates catesbeianus (Shaw, 1802) (Anura, ranidae) tadpoles.Environmental science and pollution research international · 2019Article
- 5-HT2A and 5-HT2C receptors as hypothalamic targets of developmental programming in male rats.Disease models & mechanisms · 2016Article
- Combined use of spatial restraint stress and middle cerebral artery occlusion is a novel model of post-stroke depression in mice.Scientific reports · 2015Article
- Enhanced aggressive behaviour in a mouse model of depression.Neurotoxicity research · 2015Article
- A novel method for inducing nerve growth via modulation of host resting potential: gap junction-mediated and serotonergic signaling mechanisms.Neurotherapeutics : the journal of the American Society for Experimental NeuroTherapeutics · 2015Article
- Risks of hormonally active pharmaceuticals to amphibians: a growing concern regarding progestagens.Philosophical transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological sciences · 2014Review
- Monoamine neurotransmitters and fibroblast growth factor-2 in the brains of rats with post-stroke depression.Experimental and therapeutic medicine · 2014Article
- Foraging activity is reduced in a mouse model of depression.Neurotoxicity research · 2014Article
- Simultaneous determination of 24 antidepressant drugs and their metabolites in wastewater by ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2014Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI) fluoxetine (FLU, Prozac®) is commonly prescribed for depression in pregnant women. This results in SSRI exposure of the developing fetus. However, there are knowledge gaps regarding the impact of SSRI exposure during development. Given the role of serotonin in brain development and its cross-talk with sex hormone function, we investigated effects of developmental exposure to pharmacologically relevant concentrations of FLU (3 and 30 nM (measured)) on brain neurotransmitter levels, gonadal differentiation, aromatase activity in brain and gonads, and the thyroid system, using the Xenopus tropicalis model. Tadpoles were chronically exposed (8 weeks) until metamorphosis. At metamorphosis brains were cryosectioned and levels of serotonin, dopamine, norepinephrine, and their metabolites 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid, 3,4-dihydroxyphenylacetic acid, and homovanillic acid were measured in discrete regions (telencephalon, hypothalamus and the reticular formation) of the cryosections using high-performance liquid chromatography. Exposure to 30 nM FLU increased the concentration of 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid in hypothalamus compared with controls. FLU exposure did not affect survival, time to metamorphosis, thyroid histology, gonadal sex differentiation, or aromatase activity implying that the effect on the serotonergic neurotransmitter system in the hypothalamus region was specific. The FLU concentration that impacted the serotonin system is lower than the concentration measured in umbilical cord serum, suggesting that the serotonin system of the developing brain is highly sensitive to in utero exposure to FLU. To our knowledge this is the first study showing effects of developmental FLU exposure on brain neurochemistry. Given that SSRIs are present in the aquatic environment the current results warrant further investigation into the neurobehavioral effects of SSRIs in aquatic wildlife.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.