ArticlePloS one2013
Relationship between LTR methylation and gag expression of HIV-1 in human spermatozoa and sperm-derived embryos.
Article in PloS one, 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. An erratum has been issued. Cited by 9 papers.
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Who cites it
9 citing papers in PubMed, 15 citations in OpenAlex.
- Breaking into HIV-1's Epigenetic Vault: Cure Strategies to Eliminate the Viral Reservoir.Viruses · 2026Review
- Deciphering DNA Methylation in HIV Infection.Frontiers in immunology · 2021Review
- HIV infection alters the human epigenetic landscape.Gene therapy · 2019Article
- Barriers for HIV Cure: The Latent Reservoir.AIDS research and human retroviruses · 2018Review
- Specific and Stable Suppression of HIV Provirus Expression In Vitro by Chimeric Zinc Finger DNA Methyltransferase 1.Molecular therapy. Nucleic acids · 2017Article
- Low-dose testosterone alleviates vascular damage caused by castration in male rats in puberty via modulation of the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway.Molecular medicine reports · 2016Article
- MicroRNA-9 promotes the neuronal differentiation of rat bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells by activating autophagy.Neural regeneration research · 2015Article
- Autophagy occurs within an hour of adenosine triphosphate treatment after nerve cell damage: the neuroprotective effects of adenosine triphosphate against apoptosis.Neural regeneration research · 2014Article
- Lentiviral vector transduction of spermatozoa as a tool for the study of early development.FEBS open bio · 2014Article
Corrections and comments
- Erratum issued
Authors and funding
9 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
objectiveStudying the methylation status of long terminal repeats (LTR) and its relationship to gag expression of HIV-1 in order to explore regulation mechanism of HIV-1 gene expression in vertical transmission from sperm to embryo. METHODS/PRINCIPAL
findingsSperm samples were collected from a healthy donor and seven patients with HIV/AIDS. Zona-free hamster ova were fertilized by donor's spermatozoa transfected with pIRES2-EGFP-LTR-gag and patient's spermatozoa to obtain zygotes and 2-cell embryos, respectively. Interspecific in vitro fertilization, bisulfite sequencing PCR (BSP), RT-PCR, nested RT-PCR, nested real-time qRT-PCR and 2(-△△Ct) method, indirect immunofluoresence (IF) assay were performed. For donor's samples, the methylation rates of HIV-1 LTR were 0.56%, 1.67%, 0.56%, 0.56% in plasmid, spermatozoa, zygotes and 2-cell embryos, respectively while spermatozoa were transfected with unmethylated plasmid, and were 95.0%, 84.44%, 3.3%, 1.67% while transfected with methylated plasmid. The positive bands for HIV-1 gag cDNA were detected in spermatozoa and 2-cell embryos. The positive signals for HIV-1 p24 Gag protein were detected in 2-cell embryos but not in spermatozoa. For patient's samples, methylation rates of HIV-1 LTR were different in spermatozoa among patients. After fertilization, CpG sites in HIV-1 LTR were highly demethylated in zygotes and 2-cell embryos. The gag transcription levels increased with decreasing of methylation rates of HIV-1 LTR, which showed a strong negative correlations between gag transcription levels and methylation rates of HIV-LTR ether in the spermatozoa (r = -0.9877, P<0.0001) or in the sperm-derived 2-cell embryos (r = -0.9092, P = 0.0045).
conclusionLTR methylation regulates expression of HIV-1 gag in vertical transmission from sperm to embryo.
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