ArticleThe Journal of experimental medicine2013
Iron uptake controls the generation of Leishmania infective forms through regulation of ROS levels.
Article in The Journal of experimental medicine, 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 70 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
70 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 130 citations in OpenAlex.
- Anti-inflammatory and antioxidant therapies for chagasic myocarditis: a systematic review.Parasitology · 2020Pooled it
- Glycosomal Aquaglyceroporin 1 dual role in iron homeostasis and antimony susceptibility in Leishmania amazonensis.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2026Article
- Review
- Leishmania amazonensis impairs phagosome acidification in B-1 phagocytes as an unrecognized parasite infection and proliferation mechanism.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Heme and immunity: The heme oxygenase dichotomy.Journal of inorganic biochemistry · 2025Review
- Ascorbate peroxidase modulation confirms key role in Leishmania infantum oxidative defence.Parasites & vectors · 2024Article
- Heme metabolism in Strigomonas culicis: Implications of HThe Journal of biological chemistry · 2024Article
- Impaired signaling pathways on Berardinelli-Seip congenital lipodystrophy macrophages during Leishmania infantum infection.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- AnHeliyon · 2024Article
- Upregulation of ATP6V0D2 benefits intracellular survival ofFrontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2024Article
- Access and utilization of host-derived iron by Leishmania parasites.Journal of biochemistry · 2023Review
- A short-term method to evaluate anti-leishmania drugs by inhibition of stage differentiation in Leishmania mexicana using flow cytometry.Experimental parasitology · 2023Article
- Iron Uptake ControlsAntioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- Genetic Iron Overload Hampers Development of Cutaneous Leishmaniasis in Mice.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Article
- Promastigote-to-Amastigote Conversion inPathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Review
- MicroRNAs: master regulators in host-parasitic protist interactions.Open biology · 2022Review
- Causative Agents of American Tegumentary Leishmaniasis Are Able to Infect 3T3-L1 AdipocytesFrontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2022Article
- Catalase impairsVirulence · 2021Article
- Article
- Novel aspects of iron homeostasis in pathogenic bloodstream form Trypanosoma brucei.PLoS pathogens · 2021Article
10 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
During its life cycle, Leishmania undergoes extreme environmental changes, alternating between insect vectors and vertebrate hosts. Elevated temperature and decreased pH, conditions encountered after macrophage invasion, can induce axenic differentiation of avirulent promastigotes into virulent amastigotes. Here we show that iron uptake is a major trigger for the differentiation of Leishmania amazonensis amastigotes, independently of temperature and pH changes. We found that iron depletion from the culture medium triggered expression of the ferrous iron transporter LIT1 (Leishmania iron transporter 1), an increase in iron content of the parasites, growth arrest, and differentiation of wild-type (WT) promastigotes into infective amastigotes. In contrast, LIT1-null promastigotes showed reduced intracellular iron content and sustained growth in iron-poor media, followed by cell death. LIT1 up-regulation also increased iron superoxide dismutase (FeSOD) activity in WT but not in LIT1-null parasites. Notably, the superoxide-generating drug menadione or H(2)O(2) was sufficient to trigger differentiation of WT promastigotes into fully infective amastigotes. LIT1-null promastigotes accumulated superoxide radicals and initiated amastigote differentiation after exposure to H(2)O(2) but not to menadione. Our results reveal a novel role for FeSOD activity and reactive oxygen species in orchestrating the differentiation of virulent Leishmania amastigotes in a process regulated by iron availability.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.