ArticleProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America2013
Efficient metabolic pathway engineering in transgenic tobacco and tomato plastids with synthetic multigene operons.
Article in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 97 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
97 citing papers in PubMed, 195 citations in OpenAlex.
- Expanding the palette of cis-elements to tune the expression of chloroplast transgenes in tobacco.The Plant journal : for cell and molecular biology · 2026Article
- Chemical modulation of chloroplast de- and redifferentiation reveals a role for the SAL1-PAP retrograde pathway in facilitating plastid transitions.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2026Article
- Plastid Engineering for Photosynthesis-Driven Synthesis of Hyaluronic Acid in Tobacco.Plant biotechnology journal · 2026Article
- Editing and synthetic engineering of chloroplast genomes.Plant communications · 2026Review
- Synthetic Biology of Plants and Microbes for Agriculture, Environment, and Future Applications.Chemical reviews · 2026Review
- Chemical modulation of chloroplast de- and re-differentiation reveals a role for the SAL1-PAP retrograde pathway in facilitating plastid transitions.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2025Article
- A modular high-throughput approach for advancing synthetic biology in the chloroplast of Chlamydomonas.Nature plants · 2025Article
- Development of chloroplast transformation for five species in the genus Nicotiana.The Plant journal : for cell and molecular biology · 2025Article
- RNA elements and their biotechnological applications in plants.The New phytologist · 2025Review
- Navigating the challenges of engineering composite specialized metabolite pathways in plants.The Plant journal : for cell and molecular biology · 2025Review
- Recent trends and advances in chloroplast engineering and transformation methods.Frontiers in plant science · 2025Review
- Molecular characterization of homogentisate phytyltransferase and methylphytylbenzoquinol methyltransferase genes from olive fruit with regard to the tocopherol content and the response to abiotic stresses.Frontiers in plant science · 2025Article
- Heterologous Gene Expression in Chlamydomonas reinhardtii Chloroplast by Heterologous Promoters and Terminators, Intercistronic Expression Elements and Minichromosome.Microbial biotechnology · 2024Article
- Membrane protein provision controls prothylakoid biogenesis in tobacco etioplasts.The Plant cell · 2024Article
- Article
- Plastid engineering using episomal DNA.Plant cell reports · 2023Review
- Chloroplast Engineering: Fundamental Insights and Its Application in Amelioration of Environmental Stress.Applied biochemistry and biotechnology · 2023Review
- Transgene insertion into the plastid genome alters expression of adjacent native chloroplast genes at the transcriptional and translational levels.Plant biotechnology journal · 2023Article
- A CRR2-Dependent sRNA Sequence Supports Papillomavirus Vaccine Expression in Tobacco Chloroplasts.Metabolites · 2023Article
- Review
37 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The engineering of complex metabolic pathways requires the concerted expression of multiple genes. In plastids (chloroplasts) of plant cells, genes are organized in operons that are coexpressed as polycistronic transcripts and then often are processed further into monocistronic mRNAs. Here we have used the tocochromanol pathway (providing tocopherols and tocotrienols, collectively also referred to as "vitamin E") as an example to establish principles of successful multigene engineering by stable transformation of the chloroplast genome, a technology not afflicted with epigenetic variation and/or instability of transgene expression. Testing a series of single-gene constructs (encoding homogentisate phytyltransferase, tocopherol cyclase, and γ-tocopherol methyltransferase) and rationally designed synthetic operons in tobacco and tomato plants, we (i) confirmed previous results suggesting homogentisate phytyltransferase as the limiting enzymatic step in the pathway, (ii) comparatively characterized the bottlenecks in tocopherol biosynthesis in transplastomic leaves and tomato fruits, and (iii) achieved an up to tenfold increase in total tocochromanol accumulation. In addition, our results uncovered an unexpected light-dependent regulatory link between tocochromanol metabolism and the pathways of photosynthetic pigment biosynthesis. The synthetic operon design developed here will facilitate future synthetic biology applications in plastids, especially the design of artificial operons that introduce novel biochemical pathways into plants.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.