ArticleBlood2013
Rapid activation receptor- or IL-2-induced lytic granule convergence in human natural killer cells requires Src, but not downstream signaling.
Article in Blood, 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 44 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
44 citing papers in PubMed, 65 citations in OpenAlex.
- The Golgi complex governs natural killer cell lytic granule positioning to promote directionality in cytotoxicity.Cell reports · 2025Article
- Review
- Human natural killer cells: Form, function, and development.The Journal of allergy and clinical immunology · 2023Review
- Engineering NK-CAR.19 cells with the IL-15/IL-15Rα complex improved proliferation and anti-tumor effectFrontiers in immunology · 2023Article
- An ELF4 hypomorphic variant results in NK cell deficiency.JCI insight · 2022Article
- Article
- STAT5b: A master regulator of key biological pathways.Frontiers in immunology · 2022Review
- Locked and Loaded: Mechanisms Regulating Natural Killer Cell Lytic Granule Biogenesis and Release.Frontiers in immunology · 2022Review
- The Role of the Cytoskeleton in Regulating the Natural Killer Cell Immune Response in Health and Disease: From Signaling Dynamics to Function.Frontiers in cell and developmental biology · 2021Review
- Inability of granule polarization by NK cells defines tumor resistance and can be overcome by CAR or ADCC mediated targeting.Journal for immunotherapy of cancer · 2021Article
- Dynamic Microtubule Arrays in Leukocytes and Their Role in Cell Migration and Immune Synapse Formation.Frontiers in cell and developmental biology · 2021Review
- Article
- NK cells for cancer immunotherapy.Nature reviews. Drug discovery · 2020Review
- Review
- Human signal transducer and activator of transcription 5b (STAT5b) mutation causes dysregulated human natural killer cell maturation and impaired lytic function.The Journal of allergy and clinical immunology · 2020Article
- Hypoxia Impairs NK Cell Cytotoxicity through SHP-1-Mediated Attenuation of STAT3 and ERK Signaling Pathways.Journal of immunology research · 2020Article
- The Impact of Immunodeficiency on NK Cell Maturation and Function.Current allergy and asthma reports · 2019Review
- Emerging insights into human health and NK cell biology from the study of NK cell deficiencies.Immunological reviews · 2019Review
- Metabolic reprogramming of natural killer cells in obesity limits antitumor responses.Nature immunology · 2018Article
- VASP Regulates NK Cell Lytic Granule Convergence.Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950) · 2018Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
7 authors at 4 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Natural killer (NK) cells participate in host defense by surveying for and ultimately killing virally infected or malignant target cells. NK cell cytotoxicity is a tightly regulated process that proceeds stepwise from adhesion and activation to the secretion of preformed lytic granule contents onto a diseased or stressed cell. We previously characterized rapid dynein-dependent lytic granule convergence to the microtubule-organizing center (MTOC) as an early, prerequisite step in NK cell cytotoxicity. Although multiple activating receptors can trigger granule convergence, the specific signal or signals responsible remained unknown. Using live cell confocal microscopy, NK cell lytic granule movement after NK cell activation was captured and measured. Using inhibitors of common early signaling mediators, we show that Src kinases are required for lytic granule convergence, but downstream signals that promote actin rearrangement, MTOC polarization, and calcium mobilization are not. Exposure to interleukin 2 was also sufficient to induce lytic granule convergence, which required noncanonical Src-dependent signaling. Thus, NK cell lytic granule convergence, prompted by specific receptor-mediated and soluble cytokine signals, depends on a directly downstream early Src kinase-dependent signal and emphasizes the importance of this step in readying NK cells for cytotoxicity.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.