ReviewCurrent opinion in gastroenterology2013
Transepithelial antigen delivery in the small intestine: different paths, different outcomes.
Review in Current opinion in gastroenterology, 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 33 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
33 citing papers in PubMed, 64 citations in OpenAlex.
- Intestinal CD4Nature communications · 2025Article
- Oral tolerance to dietary antigens and Foxp3Immunological reviews · 2024Review
- Deciphering the M-cell niche: insights from mouse models on how microfold cells "know" where they are needed.Frontiers in immunology · 2024Review
- TLR5 Signaling in the Regulation of Intestinal Mucosal Immunity.Journal of inflammation research · 2023Review
- The intestinal microenvironment shapes macrophage and dendritic cell identity and function.Immunology letters · 2023Review
- Polystyrene microplastics induce an immunometabolic active state in macrophages.Cell biology and toxicology · 2022Article
- Dendritic cell functions in the inductive and effector sites of intestinal immunity.Mucosal immunology · 2022Review
- Primary Site of Coxsackievirus B Replication in the Small Intestines: No Proof of Peyer's Patches Involvement.Microorganisms · 2021Article
- Enterocytes in Food Hypersensitivity Reactions.Animals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2021Article
- Regulation of oral antigen delivery early in life: Implications for oral tolerance and food allergy.Clinical and experimental allergy : journal of the British Society for Allergy and Clinical Immunology · 2021Review
- Oral Biologic Delivery: Advances Toward Oral Subunit, DNA, and mRNA Vaccines and the Potential for Mass Vaccination During Pandemics.Annual review of pharmacology and toxicology · 2021Review
- Type 1 diabetes mellitus and its oral tolerance therapy.World journal of diabetes · 2020Review
- Intestinal epithelial glycosylation in homeostasis and gut microbiota interactions in IBD.Nature reviews. Gastroenterology & hepatology · 2020Review
- Jejunal villus absorption and paracellular tight junction permeability are major routes for early intestinal uptake of food-grade TiOParticle and fibre toxicology · 2020Article
- Goblet cell associated antigen passages support the induction and maintenance of oral tolerance.Mucosal immunology · 2020Article
- In vivo labeling of epithelial cell-associated antigen passages in the murine intestine.Lab animal · 2020Article
- Mining the microbiota for microbial and metabolite-based immunotherapies.Nature reviews. Immunology · 2019Review
- Goblet cells: multifaceted players in immunity at mucosal surfaces.Mucosal immunology · 2018Review
- Mechanisms of Oral Tolerance.Clinical reviews in allergy & immunology · 2018Review
- Neurons and Glia in the Enteric Nervous System and Epithelial Barrier Function.Physiology (Bethesda, Md.) · 2018Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
purpose of reviewThe intestinal epithelium is a dynamic barrier protecting the body from the multitudes of luminal micro-organisms present in the gut. However, this barrier is not impermeable and mechanisms exist that allow small amounts of antigen to traverse the epithelium in controlled manner to maintain tolerance and to mount immune responses. This review will summarize our current understanding of how luminal antigens traverse the small intestine epithelium without disrupting the epithelial barrier and how these antigen delivery pathways might influence the resulting immune responses. RECENT
findingsRecent findings have revealed four pathways for transepithelial antigen delivery in the absence of barrier disruption. We propose that during homeostasis, antigen introduced through microfold cells induces immunoglobulin A responses, antigen delivered by goblet cell-associated antigen passages contributes to peripheral tolerance, and antigen delivered by paracellular leak initiates immune responses in the mesenteric lymph node. In contrast, dendritic cell transepithelial dendrites may play an important role in host protection during pathogen infection, but do not appear to play a role in antigen capture by lamina propria dendritic cells in the steady state. SUMMARY: These observations indicate that the route by which antigen crosses the epithelium directs the outcome of the subsequent immune response.
Indexed as
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.