ArticleThe Journal of rheumatology2013
Excess female siblings and male fetal loss in families with systemic lupus erythematosus.
Article in The Journal of rheumatology, 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 4 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
4 citing papers in PubMed, 8 citations in OpenAlex.
- Family history of autoimmune disease in relation to time-to-pregnancy, pregnancy loss, and live birth rate.Journal of translational autoimmunity · 2020Article
- Modeling month-season of birth as a risk factor in mouse models of chronic disease: from multiple sclerosis to autoimmune encephalomyelitis.FASEB journal : official publication of the Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology · 2017Article
- Brief Report: Sex Ratio of Offspring Born to Women With Systemic Lupus Erythematosus or Rheumatoid Arthritis.Arthritis & rheumatology (Hoboken, N.J.) · 2017Article
- Copy number variation in Y chromosome multicopy genes is linked to a paternal parent-of-origin effect on CNS autoimmune disease in female offspring.Genome biology · 2015Article
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Authors and funding
5 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
objectiveSystemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) occurs more frequently among women than men. We aimed to determine whether the male-female ratio in SLE families is different from what would be expected by chance, and whether excess male fetal loss is found.
methodsAll patients with SLE met the revised American College of Rheumatology classification criteria, while unaffected subjects were shown not to satisfy these same criteria. Putative family relationships were confirmed by genetic testing. Pregnancy history was obtained from all subjects, including unrelated control women. Adjusted Wald binomial confidence intervals were calculated for ratio of boys to girls in families and compared to the expected ratio of 1.06.
resultsThere were 2579 subjects with SLE, with 6056 siblings. Considering all subjects, we found 3201 boys and 5434 girls (ratio 0.59, of 95% CI 0.576-0.602). Considering only the SLE-unaffected siblings, there were 2919 boys and 3137 girls (ratio 0.93, 95% CI 0.92-0.94). In both cases, the ratio of males to females was statistically different from the known birth rate. Among patients with SLE as well as among their sisters and mothers, there was an excess of male fetal loss compared to the controls.
conclusionSiblings of patients with SLE are more likely than expected to be girls. This finding may be in part explained by excess male fetal loss, which is found among patients with SLE and their first-degree relatives.
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