Evidence map›Paper›PMID 23378274›Full record

ArticleCellular oncology (Dordrecht, Netherlands)2013

Abrogation of galectin-4 expression promotes tumorigenesis in colorectal cancer.

Seung Won Kim, Ki Cheong Park, Soung Min Jeon, Tak Bum Ohn, Tae Il Kim, Won Ho Kim, Jae Hee Cheon

Open access · greenAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Cellular oncology (Dordrecht, Netherlands), 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 33 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
33citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
2.5field-weighted citation impact, top 11% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

33 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 66 citations in OpenAlex.

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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.

Seung Won KimDepartment of Internal Medicine and Institute of Gastroenterology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
Ki Cheong Park
Soung Min Jeon
Tak Bum Ohn
Tae Il Kim
Won Ho Kim
Jae Hee Cheon
Yonsei University · KRChosun University · KRDankook University · KR

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundAlthough it has been well established that galectin-4 is selectively expressed by intestinal epithelial cells, the role of galectin-4 in colorectal cancer (CRC) development is, as yet, poorly understood. Here, we aimed to explore the role of galectin-4 in CRC development, both in vitro and in vivo.

methodsGalectin-4 expression was investigated in tissue specimens from patients with adenoma, carcinoma and ulcerative colitis (UC) using immunohistochemistry. Colorectal cancer-derived HT-29 cells, in which galectin-4 expression was knocked down, were established using shRNA. mRNA and protein expression levels of galectin-4 and several downstream cancer-related genes were analyzed using RT-PCR, qPCR array, Western blotting, and immunofluorescence assays. To investigate the effect of galectin-4 expression abrogation on tumorigenesis in vivo, xenograft assays were performed.

resultsImmunohistochemistry analyses showed high expression levels of galectin-4 in normal colon mucosa tissues. Conversely, the expression levels of galectin-4 were significantly lower in CRC samples and its precursor lesions with dysplasia or inflammation. We found that shRNA-mediated galectin-4 silencing increases cell proliferation and, concomitantly, activates NF-κB and STAT3 signaling along with IL-6 up-regulation. In addition, we found that shRNA-mediated galectin-4 silencing promotes the expression of NF-κB target genes and other cancer-related genes and, concomitantly, enhances the in vivo growth of xenografts.

conclusionsWe show that abrogation of galectin-4 expression promotes cancer cell proliferation and, for the first time, provide evidence that down-regulation of galectin-4 elicits tumor promotion in vitro and in vivo through activation of IL-6/NF-κB/STAT3 signaling.

Indexed as

AnimalsBlotting, WesternCell ProliferationCell Transformation, NeoplasticColorectal NeoplasmsCyclooxygenase 2Galectin 4Gene Expression Regulation, NeoplasticHT29 CellsHumansImmunohistochemistryInterleukin-6MaleMiceMice, NudeNF-kappa BCyclooxygenase 2Galectin 4Interleukin-6NF-kappa BPTGS2 protein, humanSTAT3 Transcription Factor

Identifiers

PMID23378274
PMCPMC13012673
OpenAlexW1973899163

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.