Efficacy of tribendimidine against Angiostrongylus cantonensis infection in the mice.

Angiostrongyliasis, also known as eosinophils meningitis, is caused by Angiostrongylus cantonensis parasites in the human central nervous system. Currently, the drug of choice for treatment of angiostrongyliasis is albendazole, but dead worm lysis causes severe inflammatory response, which leads to central nervous system damage. Tribendimidine, a broad-spectrum anti-helmintic drug developed in China, is a derivative of amidantel. This study was designed to test the efficacy of tribendimidine against A. cantonensis in mice. We treated 65 infected female BALB/c mice with tribendimidine or albendazole by oral route. We observed that tribendimidine at doses of 50, 100 and 200 mg/kg/day was effective, and the worm reduction rates were 54.8 %,77.4 %, and 100 % compared with the control group. In addition, the therapeutic effect of early tribendimidine treatment (7 days post-infection [PI]) was better than the late treatment (14 days PI), in comparison with the albendazole group (20 mg/kg/day). The index of therapeutic efficacy included body weight, neurological function, survival time, worm reduction, mRNA levels of proinflammatory cytokines in brain tissue, histopathological examination and electron microscopy scanning. The results showed that tribendimidine could kill the larvae of A. cantonensis in the mice model, and the worm's body wall was observed to be damaged. After treatment with tribendimidine, the survival conditions such as body weight and neurological function were improved, and brain inflammation was reduced in infected mice. This study showed a strong efficacy of tribendimidine against A. cantonensis and provided suitable alternative treatments to further explore its potential use in treatment of human angiostrongyliasis.