ReviewThe spine journal : official journal of the North American Spine Society2013
Expression and regulation of metalloproteinases and their inhibitors in intervertebral disc aging and degeneration.
Review in The spine journal : official journal of the North American Spine Society, 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 248 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
248 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 421 citations in OpenAlex.
- Extracellular Vesicles as an Emerging Treatment Option for Intervertebral Disc Degeneration: Therapeutic Potential, Translational Pathways, and Regulatory Considerations.Advanced healthcare materials · 2022Pooled it
- Cationized gelatin nanosphere-mediated release-controlled RNA interference targeting mTORC1 protects against intervertebral disc degeneration.Bioactive materials · 2027Article
- Circulating PDIA4, MMP-2, MMP-9, and Claudin-2 in Vitamin D-Deficient Patients with Brain Tumors: An Exploratory Clinical Pilot Study.Journal of clinical medicine · 2026Article
- Organ-on-a-Chip Technology: Advances in Modeling Inflammation, Neurovascularization and Nociception in Human Intervertebral Disc Degeneration.Smart medicine · 2026Review
- Evolving Landscape of Regenerative Therapies: Cell-Based and Cell-Free Approaches for Chronic Low Back Pain.Journal of clinical medicine · 2026Review
- Epigenetic research methods and animal models for intervertebral disc degeneration (Review).Molecular medicine reports · 2026Review
- MiR-766-3P promotes degenerative lumbar disc disease by regulating SIRT6 to aggravate the inflammatory response of human nucleus pulposus cells.Hereditas · 2026Article
- A manganese-luteolin co-loaded antioxidant hydrogel for synergistic alleviation of oxidative stress and immunomodulation in intervertebral disc degeneration.Materials today. Bio · 2026Article
- Defining the Human Nucleus Pulposus Microenvironment and Its Impact on Cell Matrix Synthesis and Metabolic Activity.JOR spine · 2026Article
- Advances in the study of macrophage polarization in intervertebral disc degeneration.European spine journal : official publication of the European Spine Society, the European Spinal Deformity Society, and the European Section of the Cervical Spine Research Society · 2026Review
- Knockdown of LINC00963 targets miR-1252-5p to reduce inflammatory levels and ECM degradation in nucleus pulposus cells of IDD.BMC musculoskeletal disorders · 2026Article
- Article
- Adapt, Mitigate, and Target: The Role of Oxidative Stress in Intervertebral Disc Homeostasis and Disc Degeneration.Neurospine · 2026Review
- GOLGB1 deficiency accelerates intervertebral disc degeneration by activating the MAPK pathway.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Article
- Cellular and molecular mechanisms of diabetes-mediated disc degeneration.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2026Review
- Metformin alleviates intervertebral disc degeneration by upregulating MMP-1 expression via the KDM6A/SOX9/miR-202-3p/MMP-1 signaling pathway.Archives of medical science : AMS · 2026Article
- Etiology, diagnosis and treatment of lumbar disc degeneration: a focus on the mechanism of action of Piezo1 and research perspectives.Frontiers in cell and developmental biology · 2026Review
- Metabolic reprogramming in intervertebral disc degeneration: mechanisms and therapeutic opportunities.Frontiers in cell and developmental biology · 2026Review
- Integrated transcriptomic, machine learning, and network pharmacology analyses reveal shared inflammatory biomarkers between intervertebral disc degeneration and osteoporosis.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Article
188 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
background contextDestruction of extracellular matrix (ECM) leads to intervertebral disc degeneration (IDD), which underlies many spine-related disorders. Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs), and disintegrins and metalloproteinases with thrombospondin motifs (ADAMTSs) are believed to be the major proteolytic enzymes responsible for ECM degradation in the intervertebral disc (IVD). PURPOSE: To summarize the current literature on gene expression and regulation of MMPs, ADAMTSs, and tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinases (TIMPs) in IVD aging and IDD.
methodsA comprehensive literature review of gene expression of MMP, ADAMTS, and TIMP in human IDD and reported studies on regulatory factors controlling their expressions and activities in both human and animal model systems.
resultsUpregulation of specific MMPs (MMP-1, -2, -3, -7, -8, -10, and -13) and ADAMTS (ADAMTS-1, -4, and -15) were reported in human degenerated IVDs. However, it is still unclear from conflicting published studies whether the expression of ADAMTS-5, the predominant aggrecanase, is increased with IDD. Tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinase-3 is downregulated, whereas TIMP-1 is upregulated in human degenerated IVDs relative to nondegenerated IVDs. Numerous studies indicate that the expression levels of MMP and ADAMTS are modulated by a combination of many factors, including mechanical, inflammatory, and oxidative stress, some of which are mediated in part through the p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase pathway. Genetic predisposition also plays an important role in determining gene expression of MMP-1, -2, -3, and -9.
conclusionsUpregulation of MMP and ADAMTS expression and enzymatic activity is implicated in disc ECM destruction, leading to the development of IDD. Future IDD therapeutics depends on identifying specific MMPs and ADAMTSs whose dysregulation result in pathological proteolysis of disc ECM.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.