ArticleThe Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience2013
Complex movement topography and extrinsic space representation in the rat forelimb motor cortex as defined by long-duration intracortical microstimulation.
Article in The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience, 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 37 papers.
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Who cites it
37 citing papers in PubMed.
- Motor cortex activity during sleep and wake movements sharpens across development but continues to lag the red nucleus.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Distinct hindlimb motor cortex subregions encode forward and backward hindlimb movements in rats.Frontiers in systems neuroscience · 2026Article
- Interactions between motor cortical forelimb regions and their influence on muscles reorganize across behaviors.Nature communications · 2025Article
- Action-type mapping principles extend beyond evolutionarily conserved actions, even in people born without hands.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2025Article
- Differential motor neuron activity in rats during successful and failed grasping.Cerebral cortex (New York, N.Y. : 1991) · 2025Article
- Article
- A Scalable, Programmable Neural Stimulator for Enhancing Generalizability in Neural Interface Applications.Biosensors · 2024Article
- Reversible deactivation of motor cortex reveals that areas in parietal cortex are differentially dependent on motor cortex for the generation of movement.Journal of neurophysiology · 2024Article
- The dorsal stream of visual processing and action-specific domains in parietal and frontal cortex in primates.The Journal of comparative neurology · 2023Review
- Complex forelimb movements and cortical topography evoked by intracortical microstimulation in male and female mice.Cerebral cortex (New York, N.Y. : 1991) · 2023Article
- Extensive complex neocortical movement topography devolves to simple output following experimental stroke in mice.Frontiers in systems neuroscience · 2023Article
- Large-scale all-optical dissection of motor cortex connectivity shows a segregated organization of mouse forelimb representations.Cell reports · 2022Article
- Motor cortex outputs evoked by long-duration microstimulation encode synergistic muscle activation patterns not controlled movement trajectories.Frontiers in computational neuroscience · 2022Article
- Distributed Motor Control of Limb Movements in Rat Motor and Somatosensory Cortex: The Sensorimotor Amalgam Revisited.Cerebral cortex (New York, N.Y. : 1991) · 2020Article
- Hierarchical motor control in mammals and machines.Nature communications · 2019Review
- Orofacial Movements Involve Parallel Corticobulbar Projections from Motor Cortex to Trigeminal Premotor Nuclei.Neuron · 2019Article
- Representations of Fine Digit Movements in Posterior and Anterior Parietal Cortex Revealed Using Long-Train Intracortical Microstimulation in Macaque Monkeys.Cerebral cortex (New York, N.Y. : 1991) · 2018Article
- Post-stroke kinematic analysis in rats reveals similar reaching abnormalities as humans.Scientific reports · 2018Article
- Compensatory Relearning Following Stroke: Cellular and Plasticity Mechanisms in Rodents.Frontiers in neuroscience · 2018Review
- Circuit changes in motor cortex during motor skill learning.Neuroscience · 2018Review
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6 authors.
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No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Electrical stimulation of the motor cortex in the rat can evoke complex forelimb multi-joint movements, including movement of limb and paw. In this study, these movements have been quantified in terms of 3D displacement and kinematic variables of two markers positioned on the wrist and middle digits (limb and paw movement, respectively). Electrical microstimulation was applied to the motor cortex using a pulse train of 500 ms duration. Movements were measured using a high-resolution 3D optical system. Five classes of limb movements (abduction, adduction, extension, retraction, elevation) and four classes of paw movements (opening, closure, opening/closure sequence, supination) were described according to their kinematics. A consistent topography of these classes of movements was presented across the motor cortex together with a topography of spatial locations to which the paw was directed. In about one-half of cortical sites, a specific pattern of limb-paw movement combination did exist. Four categories of limb-paw movements resembling behavioral repertoire were identified: reach-shaping, reach-grasp sequence, bring-to-body, and hold-like movement. Overall, the forelimb motor region included: (1) a large caudal forelimb area dominated by reach-shaping movement representation; (2) a small rostral area containing reach-grasp sequence and bring-to-body movement representation; and (3) a more lateral portion where hold-like movement was represented. These results support the view that, in rats, the motor cortex controls forelimb movements at a relatively complex level and suggest that the orderly representation of complex movements and their dynamics/kinematics emerge from the principles of forelimb motor cortex organization.
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