ReviewDevelopmental dynamics : an official publication of the American Association of Anatomists2013
Cell-autonomous sex determination outside of the gonad.
Review in Developmental dynamics : an official publication of the American Association of Anatomists, 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 38 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
38 citing papers in PubMed, 71 citations in OpenAlex.
- Quantitative dissection of sexual dimorphism in mice through Y-linked gene knockouts and multivariate phenotyping.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Mitochondrial dysfunction in Alzheimer's disease and related sex differences.Frontiers in aging neuroscience · 2026Review
- Molecular Tools for Non-invasive Sexing of Wildlife.Advances in experimental medicine and biology · 2026Review
- X, but not Y, Chromosomal Complement Contributes to Stroke Sensitivity in Aged Animals.Translational stroke research · 2023Article
- Comparative developmental genomics of sex-biased gene expression in early embryogenesis across mammals.Biology of sex differences · 2023Article
- Descriptive versus causal morphology: gynandromorphism and intersexuality.Theory in biosciences = Theorie in den Biowissenschaften · 2023Article
- The Male-Biased Expression of miR-2954 Is Involved in the Male Pathway of Chicken Sex Differentiation.Cells · 2022Article
- Integrating Sex Chromosome and Endocrine Theories to Improve Teaching of Sexual Differentiation.Cold Spring Harbor perspectives in biology · 2022Article
- Relative contributions of sex hormones, sex chromosomes, and gonads to sex differences in tissue gene regulation.Genome research · 2022Article
- Sex-specific aging in animals: Perspective and future directions.Aging cell · 2022Review
- Embryonic Onset of Sexually Dimorphic Heart Rates in the Viviparous Fish,Biomedicines · 2021Article
- Sexual dimorphism in PARBiology of sex differences · 2019Article
- Rethinking sex determination of non-gonadal tissues.Current topics in developmental biology · 2019Review
- Studying Sex Differences in Animal Models of Addiction: An Emphasis on Alcohol-Related Behaviors.ACS chemical neuroscience · 2018Review
- Sex differences in basal hypothalamic anorectic and orexigenic gene expression and the effect of quantitative and qualitative food restriction.Biology of sex differences · 2018Article
- Vertebrate sex determination: evolutionary plasticity of a fundamental switch.Nature reviews. Genetics · 2017Review
- The sex of specific neurons controls female body growth in Drosophila.PLoS biology · 2017Article
- Genetic Basis for Sex Differences in Obesity and Lipid Metabolism.Annual review of nutrition · 2017Review
- Sex Hormones and Sex Chromosomes Cause Sex Differences in the Development of Cardiovascular Diseases.Arteriosclerosis, thrombosis, and vascular biology · 2017Review
- Developmental Sex Differences in the Metabolism of Cardiolipin in Mouse Cerebral Cortex Mitochondria.Scientific reports · 2017Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundThe classic model of sex determination in mammals states that the sex of the individual is determined by the type of gonad that develops, which in turn determines the gonadal hormonal milieu that creates sex differences outside of the gonads. However, XX and XY cells are intrinsically different because of the cell-autonomous sex-biasing action of X and Y genes.
resultsRecent studies of mice, in which sex chromosome complement is independent of gonadal sex, reveal that sex chromosome complement has strong effects contributing to sex differences in phenotypes such as metabolism. Adult mice with two X chromosomes (relative to mice with one X chromosome) show dramatically greater increases in body weight and adiposity after gonadectomy, irrespective of their gonadal sex. When fed a high-fat diet, XX mice develop striking hyperinsulinemia and fatty liver, relative to XY mice. The sex chromosome effects are modulated by the presence of gonadal hormones, indicating an interaction of the sex-biasing effects of gonadal hormones and sex chromosome genes.
conclusionsOther cell-autonomous sex chromosome effects are detected in mice in many phenotypes. Birds (relative to eutherian mammals) are expected to show more widespread cell-autonomous sex determination in non-gonadal tissues, because of ineffective sex chromosome dosage compensation mechanisms.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.