ArticlePloS one2013
Plastics derived endocrine disruptors (BPA, DEHP and DBP) induce epigenetic transgenerational inheritance of obesity, reproductive disease and sperm epimutations.
Article in PloS one, 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT02284477 (Associations of Exposure to Phthalates With Insulin Resistance and Epigenetic Change), which is not on this map. Cited by 376 papers, 4 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Associations of Exposure to Phthalates With Insulin Resistance and Epigenetic Change
Who cites it
376 citing papers in PubMed, 4 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 874 citations in OpenAlex.
- Systematic literature review and meta-analysis on the reproductive effects of micro- pollutants in humans and animals.Frontiers in toxicology · 2025Pooled it
- Effects of perinatal exposure to endocrine-disrupting chemicals on the reproductive system of F3 generation male rodents: a meta-analysis.Environmental science and pollution research international · 2022Pooled it
- The Impact of Bisphenol A on Thyroid Function in Neonates and Children: A Systematic Review of the Literature.Nutrients · 2021Pooled it
- Transgenerational epigenetic effects from male exposure to endocrine-disrupting compounds: a systematic review on research in mammals.Clinical epigenetics · 2020Pooled it
- Article
- The Trajectory of Epigenetic Chromatin Remodeling in Cardiometabolic Disease and its Therapeutic Implications.Journal of cardiovascular translational research · 2026Review
- Epigenetics in development, disease, and therapy: from mechanisms to clinical interventions.Science China. Life sciences · 2026Review
- The Gut-brain-adipose Axis in Ultra-processed Food and Obesity: A Mechanistic Synthesis and Its Implications for Food Classification.Current obesity reports · 2026Review
- Implications of Endocrine-Disrupting Chemicals for Human Health and Effective Methods for Prevention and Reduction.Toxics · 2026Review
- Unravelling male infertility through epigenetics: present understanding and future challenges.Mammalian genome : official journal of the International Mammalian Genome Society · 2026Review
- Identification of pharmaceuticals and environmental contaminants as obesogens inducing a locomotion-independent thrifty phenotype.Communications biology · 2026Article
- Obesogens in Prostate Cancer: An Endocrine and Metabolic Threat.Current obesity reports · 2026Review
- Stability of epigenetic transgenerational inheritance of adult-onset disease and parturition abnormalities.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2026Article
- Early-life phthalate mixture exposure and reproductive hormone levels during minipuberty.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2026Article
- BPA-induced differential methylation of the androgen receptor promoter CpG island in medaka germline and somatic cells.Environmental epigenetics · 2026Article
- Dibutyl phthalate induces sarcopenia via TNFα/TNFR1-mediated proteolytic and pyroptotic axes: evidence from NHANES and experimental models.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Article
- Epigenetic regulation in early embryogenesis: mechanisms, developmental programming, and transgenerational implications.Frontiers in cell and developmental biology · 2026Review
- Transgenerational exposure to plastics-derived endocrine-disrupting bisphenol A and its analogs on male infertility: impact of gut dysbiosis and epigenetic regulation.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2026Review
- Testicular organoid models in male reproductive toxicology: advances, applications, and future perspectives.Frontiers in physiology · 2026Article
- Intergenerational and transgenerational epigenetic mechanisms shaping livestock production and reproduction.The Journal of reproduction and development · 2026Review
316 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Environmental compounds are known to promote epigenetic transgenerational inheritance of adult onset disease in subsequent generations (F1-F3) following ancestral exposure during fetal gonadal sex determination. The current study was designed to determine if a mixture of plastic derived endocrine disruptor compounds bisphenol-A (BPA), bis(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate (DEHP) and dibutyl phthalate (DBP) at two different doses promoted epigenetic transgenerational inheritance of adult onset disease and associated DNA methylation epimutations in sperm. Gestating F0 generation females were exposed to either the "plastics" or "lower dose plastics" mixture during embryonic days 8 to 14 of gonadal sex determination and the incidence of adult onset disease was evaluated in F1 and F3 generation rats. There were significant increases in the incidence of total disease/abnormalities in F1 and F3 generation male and female animals from plastics lineages. Pubertal abnormalities, testis disease, obesity, and ovarian disease (primary ovarian insufficiency and polycystic ovaries) were increased in the F3 generation animals. Kidney and prostate disease were only observed in the direct fetally exposed F1 generation plastic lineage animals. Analysis of the plastics lineage F3 generation sperm epigenome previously identified 197 differential DNA methylation regions (DMR) in gene promoters, termed epimutations. A number of these transgenerational DMR form a unique direct connection gene network and have previously been shown to correlate with the pathologies identified. Observations demonstrate that a mixture of plastic derived compounds, BPA and phthalates, can promote epigenetic transgenerational inheritance of adult onset disease. The sperm DMR provide potential epigenetic biomarkers for transgenerational disease and/or ancestral environmental exposures.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.