ArticleInternational journal of molecular sciences2013
Neurodegeneration and neuroprotection in diabetic retinopathy.
Article in International journal of molecular sciences, 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 48 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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The trial behind it
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Who cites it
48 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 88 citations in OpenAlex.
- Implications of Diabetes-Induced Altered Metabolites on Retinal Neurodegeneration.Frontiers in neuroscience · 2022Pooled it
- Dysfunction of the Neurovascular Unit in Diabetic Retinopathy: Advances from Molecular Mechanisms to Targeted Interventions.Stem cell reviews and reports · 2026Review
- Neuroprotection in Early Diabetic Retinal Disease Using Eyedrop Delivery.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- Diabetes associated pericyte metabolic signatures and pathogenesis of diabetic retinopathy.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2026Review
- Mechanisms and applications of natural plant ingredients in modulating amino acid metabolism for the improvement of diabetic retinopathy: a review.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2026Review
- The diabetic retina-brain axis hypothesis in diabetic cognitive impairment: from pathophysiological mechanisms to therapeutic implications.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2026Review
- Altered Expression of Large Amino Acid Transporter (LAT1) and Branched-Chain Metabolic Enzymes in the Type 1 Diabetic Rat Retina.Molecular neurobiology · 2025Article
- Citicoline May Effectively Reduce Hard Exudates in Diabetic Retinopathy.Biomedicines · 2025Article
- Insulin-Enhanced Biological Visual Rehabilitation in Neuroretinal Degeneration Patients Treated with Mesenchymal Cell-Derived Secretome.Pharmaceutics · 2025Article
- PSCP, a novel reactive sulfur donor, activates Keap1-Nrf2 signaling and attenuates mitochondrial dysfunction in diabetic retinopathy.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2025Article
- Effect of Danggui Buxue decoction on hypoxia-induced injury of retinal Müller cellsEuropean journal of histochemistry : EJH · 2024Article
- The Severity of Diabetic Retinopathy Corresponds with Corneal Nerve Alterations and Ocular Discomfort of the Patient.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Article
- Effect of High-Sucrose Diet on the Occurrence and Progression of Diabetic Retinopathy and Dietary Modification Strategies.Nutrients · 2024Review
- Cellular and Molecular Mechanisms of Neuronal Degeneration in Early-Stage Diabetic Retinopathy.Current vascular pharmacology · 2024Review
- Diabetic retinopathy: emerging concepts of current and potential therapy.Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's archives of pharmacology · 2023Review
- Protective Effect of Topiramate against Diabetic Retinopathy and Computational Approach Recognizing the Role of NLRP3/IL-1β/TNF-α Signaling.Biomedicines · 2023Article
- Internalization of Angiotensin-(1-12) in Adult Retinal Pigment Epithelial-19 Cells.Journal of ocular pharmacology and therapeutics : the official journal of the Association for Ocular Pharmacology and Therapeutics · 2023Article
- Diabetic retinopathy as the leading cause of blindness and early predictor of cascading complications-risks and mitigation.The EPMA journal · 2023Review
- Optic Nerve Regeneration in Diabetic Retinopathy: Potentials and Challenges Ahead.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Review
- Assessment of macular findings by OCT angiography in patients without clinical signs of diabetic retinopathy: radiomics features for early screening of diabetic retinopathy.BMC ophthalmology · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
4 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Diabetic retinopathy is widely considered to be a neurovascular disease. This is in contrast to its previous identity as solely a vascular disease. Early in the disease progression of diabetes, the major cells in the neuronal component of the retina consist of retinal ganglion cells and glial cells, both of which have been found to be compromised. A number of retinal function tests also indicated a functional deficit in diabetic retina, which further supports dysfunction of neuronal cells. As an endocrinological disorder, diabetes alters metabolism both systemically and locally in several body organs, including the retina. A growing body of evidences indicates increased levels of excitotoxic metabolites, including glutamate, branched chain amino acids and homocysteine in cases of diabetic retinopathy. Also present, early in the disease, are decreased levels of folic acid and vitamin-B12, which are potential metabolites capable of damaging neurons. These altered levels of metabolites are found to activate several metabolic pathways, leading to increases in oxidative stress and decreases in the level of neurotrophic factors. As a consequence, they may damage retinal neurons in diabetic patients. In this review, we have discussed those potential excitotoxic metabolites and their implications in neuronal damage. Possible therapeutic targets to protect neurons are also discussed. However, further research is needed to understand the exact molecular mechanism of neurodegeneration so that effective neuroprotection strategies can be developed. By protecting retinal neurons early in diabetic retinopathy cases, damage of retinal vessels can be protected, thereby helping to ameliorate the progression of diabetic retinopathy, a leading cause of blindness worldwide.
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.