ArticleFrontiers in immunology2013
NET balancing: a problem in inflammatory lung diseases.
Article in Frontiers in immunology, 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 190 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
190 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 448 citations in OpenAlex.
- From immunological mechanisms to targeted therapies: a bibliometric analysis in the domain of research concerning neutrophil extracellular traps and pulmonary diseases (2006-2025).Frontiers in immunology · 2026Pooled it
- Necrostatin-1 Ameliorates Neutrophilic Inflammation in Asthma by Suppressing MLKL Phosphorylation to Inhibiting NETs Release.Frontiers in immunology · 2020Trial
- SK3 channel and mitochondrial ROS mediate NADPH oxidase-independent NETosis induced by calcium influx.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2015Trial
- Disease landscape-guided design of neutrophil-specific reporters for early and accurate pneumonia detection in vivo and in urine.Science advances · 2026Article
- Peptidylarginine deiminase 4 is a differential regulator of salt-sensitive and salt-resistant hypertension.iScience · 2026Article
- The Neutrophil/Lymphocyte Ratio Was Identified as a Marker of Severe Influenza During the 2024-2025 Outbreak in France.Infectious disease reports · 2025Article
- Epigenetic Regulation of Neutrophils in ARDS.Cells · 2025Review
- Peptidylarginine Deiminase 4 Deficiency Suppresses Neutrophil Extracellular Trap Formation and Ameliorates Elastase-Induced Emphysema in Mouse Lung.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Article
- Molecular mechanisms of viral oncogenesis in haematological malignancies: perspectives from metabolic reprogramming, epigenetic regulation and immune microenvironment remodeling.Experimental hematology & oncology · 2025Review
- Guardians Turned Culprits: NETosis and Its Influence on Pulmonary Fibrosis Development.Molecular biotechnology · 2025Review
- A Mimetic Assay of Neutrophil Extracellular Trap Degradation Using YOYO-1-Stained DNA-Histone Surface Webs.Cells · 2025Article
- The role of innate immune system in respiratory viral infection related asthma.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2025Review
- NETs: a new target for autoimmune disease.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Review
- The role of neutrophil response in lung damage and post-tuberculosis lung disease: a translational narrative review.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Review
- Ventilator-associated pneumonia: pathobiological heterogeneity and diagnostic challenges.Nature communications · 2024Review
- The role of extracellular traps released by neutrophils, eosinophils, and macrophages in asthma.Respiratory research · 2024Review
- Pathogenic role and clinical significance of neutrophils and neutrophil extracellular traps in idiopathic inflammatory myopathies.Clinical and experimental medicine · 2024Review
- A crucial role of neutrophil extracellular traps in pulmonary infectious diseases.Chinese medical journal pulmonary and critical care medicine · 2024Review
- Neutrophil extracellular traps are involved in the occurrence of interstitial lung disease in a murine experimental autoimmune myositis model.Clinical and experimental immunology · 2024Article
- Review
130 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
2 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) are beneficial antimicrobial defense structures that can help fight against invading pathogens in the host. However, recent studies reveal that NETs exert adverse effects in a number of diseases including those of the lung. Many inflammatory lung diseases are characterized with a massive influx of neutrophils into the airways. Neutrophils contribute to the pathology of these diseases. To date, NETs have been identified in the lungs of cystic fibrosis (CF), acute lung injury (ALI), allergic asthma, and lungs infected with bacteria, virus, or fungi. These microbes and several host factors can stimulate NET formation, or NETosis. Different forms of NETosis have been identified and are dependent on varying types of stimuli. All of these pathways however appear to result in the formation of NETs that contain DNA, modified extracellular histones, proteases, and cytotoxic enzymes. Some of the NET components are immunogenic and damaging to host tissue. Innate immune collectins, such as pulmonary surfactant protein D (SP-D), bind NETs, and enhance the clearance of dying cells and DNA by alveolar macrophages. In many inflammatory lung diseases, bronchoalveolar SP-D levels are altered and its deficiency results in the accumulation of DNA in the lungs. Some of the other therapeutic molecules under consideration for treating NET-related diseases include DNases, antiproteases, myeloperoxidase (MPO) inhibitors, peptidylarginine deiminase-4 inhibitors, and anti-histone antibodies. NETs could provide important biological advantage for the host to fight against certain microbial infections. However, too much of a good thing can be a bad thing. Maintaining the right balance of NET formation and reducing the amount of NETs that accumulate in tissues are essential for harnessing the power of NETs with minimal damage to the hosts.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.