ReviewApplied and environmental microbiology2013
Homeostasis and catabolism of choline and glycine betaine: lessons from Pseudomonas aeruginosa.
Review in Applied and environmental microbiology, 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 92 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
92 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 192 citations in OpenAlex.
- Effect of egg consumption on circulating choline, betaine, and trimethylamine n-oxide in adults: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.Nutrition journal · 2025Pooled it
- Functional and genomic characterization of halotolerant Bacillus paramycoides MSR1 for MICCP-based durability enhancement of cementitious materials under saline conditions.World journal of microbiology & biotechnology · 2026Article
- Amino acid metabolism by pig intestinal bacteria and consequences for intestinal health and environment: current knowledge and future directions.Journal of animal science and biotechnology · 2026Review
- Exploring the Role of Azurin from the Endophytic BacteriumMicroorganisms · 2026Article
- PvrA-Mediated Inhibition of Choline and Ethanolamine Uptake PromotesPathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Structural insights into a conserved mechanism of choline translocation through CHT.Science advances · 2026Article
- Delineation of the active site of MtgB, a cobalamin-dependent glycine betaine methyltransferase.The Journal of biological chemistry · 2026Article
- Recycling of Undigested Proteins Provided by the Host to the Large Intestine Microbiota: Implication for Intestinal Bacterial Anabolism, Growth, and Physiology.Microorganisms · 2025Review
- A choline-sensing regulator coordinates metabolic adaptation and pathogenesis inScience advances · 2025Article
- Metabolomic Analysis of Fermented Nori Powders: Divergence of Betaine Structural Analogs Production by Three Types ofMolecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Eco-evolutionary strategies drive viral diversification in nutrient-poor soils across elevation gradients.National science review · 2025Article
- Proteomic and metabolomic analysis reveals new insights into quaternary amine metabolism inmSphere · 2025Article
- Repeatability of protein structural evolution following convergent gene fusions.Nature communications · 2025Article
- Novel regulatory mechanism of choline-O-sulfate and choline catabolism by two BetIs in Alphaproteobacteria.Applied and environmental microbiology · 2025Article
- Root exudates protect rhizosphereApplied and environmental microbiology · 2025Article
- Evolutionary history and association with seaweeds shape the genomes and metabolisms of marine bacteria.mSphere · 2025Article
- Dual roles of glycine betaine, dimethylglycine, and sarcosine as osmoprotectants and nutrient sources forApplied and environmental microbiology · 2025Article
- Interactions Between Bacterivorous Nematodes and Bacteria Reduce NAdvanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2025Article
- Biodesulfurization of high-sulfur oil from the Karazhanbas field of Kazakhstan with deep eutectic solvents.Heliyon · 2025Article
- Climate history modulates stress responses of common soil bacteria under experimental drought.The ISME journal · 2025Article
32 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
1 author at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Most sequenced bacteria possess mechanisms to import choline and glycine betaine (GB) into the cytoplasm. The primary role of choline in bacteria appears to be as the precursor to GB, and GB is thought to primarily act as a potent osmoprotectant. Choline and GB may play accessory roles in shaping microbial communities, based on their limited availability and ability to enhance survival under stress conditions. Choline and GB enrichment near eukaryotes suggests a role in the chemical relationships between these two kingdoms, and some of these interactions have been experimentally demonstrated. While many bacteria can convert choline to GB for osmoprotection, a variety of soil- and water-dwelling bacteria have catabolic pathways for the multistep conversion of choline, via GB, to glycine and can thereby use choline and GB as sole sources of carbon and nitrogen. In these choline catabolizers, the GB intermediate represents a metabolic decision point to determine whether GB is catabolized or stored as an osmo- and stress protectant. This minireview focuses on this decision point in Pseudomonas aeruginosa, which aerobically catabolizes choline and can use GB as an osmoprotectant and a nutrient source. P. aeruginosa is an experimentally tractable and ecologically relevant model to study the regulatory pathways controlling choline and GB homeostasis in choline-catabolizing bacteria. The study of P. aeruginosa associations with eukaryotes and other bacteria also makes this a powerful model to study the impact of choline and GB, and their associated regulatory and catabolic pathways, on host-microbe and microbe-microbe relationships.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.