ArticleHuman vaccines & immunotherapeutics2013
Sero-epidemiology of hepatitis B markers in the population of Tuscany, Central Italy, 20 years after the implementation of universal vaccination.
Article in Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics, 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 10 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
10 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 21 citations in OpenAlex.
- Long-term impact of infant immunization on hepatitis B prevalence: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Bulletin of the World Health Organization · 2018Pooled it
- Impact of the Hepatitis B Immunization Strategy Adopted in Italy from 1991: The Results of a Seroprevalence Study on the Adult Population of Florence, Italy.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Hepatitis B immunization status and risk factors of people aged 1 to 69 in Huangpu District, Shanghai, China.Frontiers in public health · 2023Article
- The First 30 Years of the Universal Hepatitis-B Vaccination-Program in Italy: A Health Strategy with a Relevant and Favorable Economic-Profile.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2022Article
- Differences in Incidence of Acute Viral Hepatitis between Foreigners and Autochthonous Population in Italy.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2021Article
- Need to take special care of non-responders to hepatitis B vaccination among health-care workers, students and chronic patients.Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics · 2021Article
- High chance to overcome the non-responder status to hepatitis B vaccine after a further full vaccination course: results from the extended study on healthcare students and workers in Florence, Italy.Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics · 2020Article
- Article
- Is hepatitis B vaccination performed at infant and adolescent age able to provide long-term immunological memory? An observational study on healthcare students and workers in Florence, Italy.Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics · 2018Observational
- A new vaccine escape mutant of hepatitis B virus causes occult infection.Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics · 2015Article
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Authors and funding
12 authors at 5 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Italy was one of the first industrialized countries to introduce a program of universal vaccination against hepatitis B in 1991. Twenty years later we verified the impact of universal immunisation on the epidemiology of hepatitis B infection by analyzing the prevalence of specific viral markers (anti-HBs, anti-HBc and HBsAg). The ELISA tests were performed on residual blood samples collected by 0.05% of the resident population aged 1-50 years in Tuscany (Italy). About 63% of subjects aged < 30 years were anti-HBs positive compared to about 25% in older subjects, without differences between genders. About 22% of subjects over 40 years were anti-HBc-positive compared to 5% in the younger age groups. The number of HBsAg-positive subjects was almost 10 fold higher in the unvaccinated age groups than in the cohorts involved in the universal vaccination program. The results of our study show the persisting high anti-HBs reactivity in vaccinated cohorts, while HBV markers related to natural exposure or persistent infection remain remarkably higher in older age groups. This sero-epidemiological study supports with prevalence data the downward incidence trend of acute hepatitis B highlighted by epidemiological surveillance systems, and corroborates the forecast for elimination of hepatitis B in Italy in a few decades.
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