ReviewCellular microbiology2013
Silence, activate, poise and switch! Mechanisms of antigenic variation in Plasmodium falciparum.
Review in Cellular microbiology, 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 86 papers.
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Who cites it
86 citing papers in PubMed.
- Plasmodium falciparum malaria parasite var gene expression is modified by host antibodies: longitudinal evidence from controlled infections of Kenyan adults with varying natural exposure.BMC infectious diseases · 2017Trial
- Precise gene regulation through transcriptional repression is essential for Plasmodium berghei asexual blood stage development.Nature communications · 2026Article
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- ThemSphere · 2024Article
- AeLife · 2024Article
- RNA polymerase III is involved in regulatingeLife · 2024Article
- A Study of Cross-Protection betweenPathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- Variable Surface Antigens ofProtein and peptide letters · 2024Review
- Nonsense-mediated decay machinery inmSphere · 2023Article
- Knobs, Adhesion, and Severe Falciparum Malaria.Tropical medicine and infectious disease · 2023Review
- Antibodies to variable surface antigens induce antigenic variation in the intestinal parasite Giardia lamblia.Nature communications · 2023Article
- Babesia duncani multi-omics identifies virulence factors and drug targets.Nature microbiology · 2023Article
- The RRM-mediated RNA binding activity in T. brucei RAP1 is essential for VSG monoallelic expression.Nature communications · 2023Article
- Patterns of Heterochromatin Transitions Linked to Changes in the Expression of Plasmodium falciparum Clonally Variant Genes.Microbiology spectrum · 2023Article
- Discovery of RUF6 ncRNA-interacting proteins involved inLife science alliance · 2023Article
- Review
- Emerging biology of noncoding RNAs in malaria parasites.PLoS pathogens · 2022Review
- Mechanisms for Host Immune Evasion Mediated byFrontiers in immunology · 2022Review
- Article
- Structural basis of LAIR1 targeting by polymorphic Plasmodium RIFINs.Nature communications · 2021Article
26 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
2 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Phenotypic variation in genetically identical malaria parasites is an emerging topic. Although antigenic variation is only part of a more global parasite strategy to create adaptation through epigenetically controlled transcriptional variability, it is the central mechanism enabling immune evasion and promoting pathogenesis. The var gene family is the best-studied example in a wide range of clonally variant gene families in Plasmodium falciparum. It is unique in its strict selection of a single member for activation, a process termed monoallelic expression. The conceptual advances that have emerged from studying var genes show striking common epigenetic features with many other clonally variant gene families or even single-copy genes that show a variegated expression in parasite populations. However, major mechanistic questions, such as the existence of a potential expression site and the identity of transcription factors or genetic elements driving singular gene choice, are still unanswered. In this review we discuss the recent findings in the molecular processes essential for clonal variation, namely silencing, activation, poising and switching. Integrating findings about all clonally variant gene families and other mutually exclusive expression systems will hopefully drive mechanistic understanding of antigenic variation.
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