ArticlePLoS pathogens2013
SIVagm infection in wild African green monkeys from South Africa: epidemiology, natural history, and evolutionary considerations.
Article in PLoS pathogens, 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 60 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
60 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 117 citations in OpenAlex.
- The Hitchhiker Guide to CD4Frontiers in immunology · 2021Pooled it
- Quarantine-associated viral pathogens in non-human primates: pathobiology, diagnostic surveillance, control strategies, and one health implications.Frontiers in veterinary science · 2026Review
- It's all in the gut: the central role of the gut and microbiome in preventing disease progression in simian immunodeficiency viruses infected African nonhuman primates.Current opinion in HIV and AIDS · 2025Review
- Host genetic and immune factors drive evasion of HIV-1 pathogenesis in viremic non-progressors.Med (New York, N.Y.) · 2025Article
- Viremic non-progression in HIV/SIV infection: A tied game between virus and host.Cell reports. Medicine · 2025Review
- Plasma lipidomic alterations during pathogenic SIV infection with and without antiretroviral therapy.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Article
- Rapid systemic spread and minimal immune responses following SIVsab intrarectal transmission in African green monkeys.JCI insight · 2024Article
- Transmission of highly virulent CXCR4 tropic HIV-1 through the mucosal route in an individual with a wild-type CCR5 genotype.EBioMedicine · 2024Article
- Review
- Adaptation of SIVmac to baboon primary cells results in complete absence ofFrontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2024Article
- T cell activation is insufficient to drive SIV disease progression.JCI insight · 2023Article
- Evidence of selection in the uncoupling protein 1 gene region suggests local adaptation to solar irradiance in savannah monkeys (Proceedings. Biological sciences · 2022Article
- Genetic adaptations to SIV across chimpanzee populations.PLoS genetics · 2022Article
- Epigenetic clock and methylation studies in vervet monkeys.GeroScience · 2022Article
- So Pathogenic or So What?-A Brief Overview of SIV Pathogenesis with an Emphasis on Cure Research.Viruses · 2022Review
- Walk on the wild side: SIV infection in African non-human primate hosts-from the field to the laboratory.Frontiers in immunology · 2022Review
- I've looked at gut from both sides now: Gastrointestinal tract involvement in the pathogenesis of SARS-CoV-2 and HIV/SIV infections.Frontiers in immunology · 2022Review
- CCR5 as a Coreceptor for Human Immunodeficiency Virus and Simian Immunodeficiency Viruses: A Prototypic Love-Hate Affair.Frontiers in immunology · 2022Review
- Fevers and the social costs of acute infection in wild vervet monkeys.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2021Article
- Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
18 authors at 7 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Pathogenesis studies of SIV infection have not been performed to date in wild monkeys due to difficulty in collecting and storing samples on site and the lack of analytical reagents covering the extensive SIV diversity. We performed a large scale study of molecular epidemiology and natural history of SIVagm infection in 225 free-ranging AGMs from multiple locations in South Africa. SIV prevalence (established by sequencing pol, env, and gag) varied dramatically between infant/juvenile (7%) and adult animals (68%) (p<0.0001), and between adult females (78%) and males (57%). Phylogenetic analyses revealed an extensive genetic diversity, including frequent recombination events. Some AGMs harbored epidemiologically linked viruses. Viruses infecting AGMs in the Free State, which are separated from those on the coastal side by the Drakensberg Mountains, formed a separate cluster in the phylogenetic trees; this observation supports a long standing presence of SIV in AGMs, at least from the time of their speciation to their Plio-Pleistocene migration. Specific primers/probes were synthesized based on the pol sequence data and viral loads (VLs) were quantified. VLs were of 10(4)-10(6) RNA copies/ml, in the range of those observed in experimentally-infected monkeys, validating the experimental approaches in natural hosts. VLs were significantly higher (10(7)-10(8) RNA copies/ml) in 10 AGMs diagnosed as acutely infected based on SIV seronegativity (Fiebig II), which suggests a very active transmission of SIVagm in the wild. Neither cytokine levels (as biomarkers of immune activation) nor sCD14 levels (a biomarker of microbial translocation) were different between SIV-infected and SIV-uninfected monkeys. This complex algorithm combining sequencing and phylogeny, VL quantification, serology, and testing of surrogate markers of microbial translocation and immune activation permits a systematic investigation of the epidemiology, viral diversity and natural history of SIV infection in wild African natural hosts.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.