ArticleEmerging infectious diseases2013
Plague outbreak in Libya, 2009, unrelated to plague in Algeria.
Article in Emerging infectious diseases, 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 28 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
28 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- A systematic review of the clinical profile of patients with bubonic plague and the outcome measures used in research settings.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2023Pooled it
- Rapid diagnostic tests for plague.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2020Pooled it
- Spatial prediction of animal plague risk in Qinghai Province, China using MaxEnt modeling: implications for targeted control.Frontiers in veterinary science · 2026Article
- Plagued by the Past, Pressed by the Present: A One Health Perspective onBiomedicines · 2025Review
- Cryosphere: a frozen home of microbes and a potential source for drug discovery.Archives of microbiology · 2024Review
- Serological evidence of Yersinia pestis infection in rodents and carnivores in Northwestern Iran.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2023Article
- Cave Microbes as a Potential Source of Drugs Development in the Modern Era.Microbial ecology · 2022Review
- Emerging and Re-emerging Infectious Diseases in the WHO Eastern Mediterranean Region, 2001-2018.International journal of health policy and management · 2022Review
- Article
- Antibiotic Therapy of Plague: A Review.Biomolecules · 2021Review
- Yersinia pestis: the Natural History of Plague.Clinical microbiology reviews · 2020Review
- Human plague: An old scourge that needs new answers.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2020Review
- A Review of Zoonotic Pathogens of Dromedary Camels.EcoHealth · 2019Review
- The Third Plague Pandemic in Europe.Proceedings. Biological sciences · 2019Article
- Trends of Human Plague, Madagascar, 1998-2016.Emerging infectious diseases · 2019Article
- Article
- Yersinia pestis Resists Predation by Acanthamoeba castellanii and Exhibits Prolonged Intracellular Survival.Applied and environmental microbiology · 2017Article
- Yersinia pestis halotolerance illuminates plague reservoirs.Scientific reports · 2017Article
- Plague: A Millenary Infectious Disease Reemerging in the XXI Century.BioMed research international · 2017Review
- Plague in Arab Maghreb, 1940-2015: A Review.Frontiers in public health · 2016Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
8 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
After 25 years of no cases of plague, this disease recurred near Tobruk, Libya, in 2009. An epidemiologic investigation identified 5 confirmed cases. We determined ribotypes, Not1 restriction profiles, and IS100 and IS1541 hybridization patterns of strains isolated during this outbreak. We also analyzed strains isolated during the 2003 plague epidemic in Algeria to determine whether there were epidemiologic links between the 2 events. Our results demonstrate unambiguously that neighboring but independent plague foci coexist in Algeria and Libya. They also indicate that these outbreaks were most likely caused by reactivation of organisms in local or regional foci believed to be dormant (Libya) or extinct (Algeria) for decades, rather than by recent importation of Yersinia pestis from distant foci. Environmental factors favorable for plague reemergence might exist in this area and lead to reactivation of organisms in other ancient foci.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.