ReviewViruses2012
Hepatitis C virus in American Indian/Alaskan Native and Aboriginal peoples of North America.
Review in Viruses, 2012. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 20 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
20 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Interventions to Improve Uptake of Direct-Acting Antivirals for Hepatitis C Virus in Priority Populations: A Systematic Review.Frontiers in public health · 2022Pooled it
- Racial and Ethnic differences in Chronic Hepatitis C Infection Prevalence and Mortality Among Inpatients with Coronary Artery Disease in the United States, 2016 to 2021.Journal of racial and ethnic health disparities · 2026Observational
- Demographic and regional trends of mortality in patients with cardiovascular disease and liver cirrhosis in the United States between 1999 and 2019.Atherosclerosis plus · 2025Article
- Epidemiology of Chronic Hepatitis C in First Nations Populations in Canadian Prairie Provinces.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- The burden of cirrhosis mortality by county, race, and ethnicity in the USA, 2000-19: a systematic analysis of health disparities.The Lancet. Public health · 2024Article
- Barriers and Facilitators to Hepatitis C Virus (HCV) Treatment for Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Peoples in Rural South Australia: A Service Providers' Perspective.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2023Article
- Article
- ECHO+: Improving access to hepatitis C care within Indigenous communities in Alberta, Canada.Canadian liver journal · 2022Article
- Incidence of and Trends in the Leading Cancers With Elevated Incidence Among American Indian and Alaska Native Populations, 2012-2016.American journal of epidemiology · 2021Article
- "I want to get better, but…": identifying the perceptions and experiences of people who inject drugs with respect to evolving hepatitis C virus treatments.International journal for equity in health · 2021Article
- Evaluation of the Cherokee Nation Hepatitis C Virus Elimination Program in the First 22 Months of Implementation.JAMA network open · 2020Article
- Social values for health technology assessment in Canada: a scoping review of hepatitis C screening, diagnosis and treatment.BMC public health · 2020Article
- National Trends in Hepatitis C Infection by Opioid Use Disorder Status Among Pregnant Women at Delivery Hospitalization - United States, 2000-2015.MMWR. Morbidity and mortality weekly report · 2019Article
- Disparities in uptake of direct-acting antiviral therapy for hepatitis C among people who inject drugs in a Canadian setting.Liver international : official journal of the International Association for the Study of the Liver · 2019Article
- New Face of Hepatitis C.Digestive diseases and sciences · 2019Review
- In the eyes of Indigenous people in Canada: exposing the underlying colonial etiology of hepatitis C and the imperative for trauma-informed care.Canadian liver journal · 2018Article
- Contextualizing Canada's hepatitis C virus epidemic.Canadian liver journal · 2018Review
- First Nations hepatitis C virus infections: Six-year retrospective study of on-reserve rates of newly reported infections in northwestern Ontario.Canadian family physician Medecin de famille canadien · 2017Article
- Distribution of Hepatitis C Risk Factors and HCV Treatment Outcomes among Central Canadian Aboriginal.Canadian journal of gastroenterology & hepatology · 2016Article
- Favourable IFNL3 genotypes are associated with spontaneous clearance and are differentially distributed in Aboriginals in Canadian HIV-hepatitis C co-infected individuals.International journal of molecular sciences · 2015Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Liver diseases, such as hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection, are "broken spirit" diseases. The prevalence of HCV infection for American Indian/Alaskan Native (AI/AN) in the United States and Canadian Aboriginals varies; nonetheless, incidence rates of newly diagnosed HCV infection are typically higher relative to non-indigenous people. For AI/AN and Aboriginal peoples risk factors for the diagnosis of HCV infection can reflect that of the general population: predominately male, a history of injection drug use, in midlife years, with a connection with urban centers. However, the face of the indigenous HCV infected individual is becoming increasingly female and younger compared to non-indigenous counterparts. Epidemiology studies indicate that more effective clearance of acute HCV infection can occur for select Aboriginal populations, a phenomenon which may be linked to unique immune characteristics. For individuals progressing to chronic HCV infection treatment outcomes are comparable to other racial cohorts. Disease progression, however, is propelled by elevated rates of co-morbidities including type 2 diabetes and alcohol use, along with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) co-infection relative to non-indigenous patients. Historical and personal trauma has a major role in the participation of high risk behaviors and associated diseases. Although emerging treatments provide hope, combating HCV-related morbidity and mortality will require interventions that address the etiology of broken spirit diseases.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.