ArticlePloS one2013
Mucosal and cutaneous human papillomaviruses detected in raw sewages.
Article in PloS one, 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 23 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
23 citing papers in PubMed, 43 citations in OpenAlex.
- Wastewater-Based Surveillance of Human Papillomavirus Genotype Diversity.JAMA network open · 2026Article
- Detection, persistence, and rising prevalence of oncogenic viruses revealed by wastewater metagenomics.Applied and environmental microbiology · 2026Article
- Metagenomic profiling reveals distinct signatures of pathogens, antibiotic-resistance genes and human viruses in urban river mouths of the north-western Adriatic coast.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Varaps: a python package for estimating SARS-CoV-2 lineages proportions from pooled sequencing data (ANRS0160).BMC bioinformatics · 2025Article
- Identification of circulating human papillomavirus types through high-throughput sequencing of Canadian municipal and institutional wastewater samples.Applied and environmental microbiology · 2025Article
- Wastewater-Based Epidemiology for Analysis of Human Papillomavirus Infections in a Uruguayan Urban Area.Food and environmental virology · 2025Article
- Evaluating Nanotrap Microbiome Particles as A Wastewater Viral Concentration Method.Food and environmental virology · 2025Article
- Wastewater-based epidemiology applied at the building-level reveals distinct virome profiles based on the age of the contributing individuals.Human genomics · 2024Article
- Article
- A State-of-the-Art Scoping Review on SARS-CoV-2 in Sewage Focusing on the Potential of Wastewater Surveillance for the Monitoring of the COVID-19 Pandemic.Food and environmental virology · 2022Article
- Investigation of the Presence of DNA of Highly Pathogenic Human Papillomaviruses in Water Bodies of the Lake Baikal Natural Territory.Food and environmental virology · 2022Article
- NGS Techniques Reveal a High Diversity of RNA Viral Pathogens and Papillomaviruses in Fresh Produce and Irrigation Water.Foods (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Article
- Evidence for swine and human papillomavirus in pig slurry in Italy.Journal of applied microbiology · 2019Article
- Review
- Differential removal of human pathogenic viruses from sewage by conventional and ozone treatments.International journal of hygiene and environmental health · 2018Article
- Article
- Frequent Detection and Genetic Diversity of Human Bocavirus in Urban Sewage Samples.Food and environmental virology · 2016Article
- A single bat species in Cameroon harbors multiple highly divergent papillomaviruses in stool identified by metagenomics analysis.Virology reports · 2016Article
- First Detection of Human Papillomaviruses and Human Polyomaviruses in River Waters in Italy.Food and environmental virology · 2015Article
- Frequent and abundant Merkel cell polyomavirus detection in urban wastewaters in Italy.Food and environmental virology · 2015Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Epitheliotropic viruses can find their way into sewage. The aim of the present study was to investigate the occurrence, distribution, and genetic diversity of Human Papillomaviruses (HPVs) in urban wastewaters. Sewage samples were collected from treatment plants distributed throughout Italy. The DNA extracted from these samples was analyzed by PCR using five PV-specific sets of primers targeting the L1 (GP5/GP6, MY09/MY11, FAP59/64, SKF/SKR) and E1 regions (PM-A/PM-B), according to the protocols previously validated for the detection of mucosal and cutaneous HPV genotypes. PCR products underwent sequencing analysis and the sequences were aligned to reference genomes from the Papillomavirus Episteme database. Phylogenetic analysis was then performed to assess the genetic relationships among the different sequences and between the sequences of the samples and those of the prototype strains. A broad spectrum of sequences related to mucosal and cutaneous HPV types was detected in 81% of the sewage samples analyzed. Surprisingly, sequences related to the anogenital HPV6 and 11 were detected in 19% of the samples, and sequences related to the "high risk" oncogenic HPV16 were identified in two samples. Sequences related to HPV9, HPV20, HPV25, HPV76, HPV80, HPV104, HPV110, HPV111, HPV120 and HPV145 beta Papillomaviruses were detected in 76% of the samples. In addition, similarity searches and phylogenetic analysis of some sequences suggest that they could belong to putative new genotypes of the beta genus. In this study, for the first time, the presence of HPV viruses strongly related to human cancer is reported in sewage samples. Our data increases the knowledge of HPV genomic diversity and suggests that virological analysis of urban sewage can provide key information useful in supporting epidemiological studies.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.