ArticlePlant physiology2013
Low pH, aluminum, and phosphorus coordinately regulate malate exudation through GmALMT1 to improve soybean adaptation to acid soils.
Article in Plant physiology, 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 99 papers.
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99 citing papers in PubMed, 286 citations in OpenAlex.
- Overexpression ofInternational journal of molecular sciences · 2026Article
- SlSLAH2 mediates malate exudation and contributes to aluminum tolerance.Nature communications · 2026Article
- Overexpression ofBiology · 2026Article
- Identification of candidate genes for malic acid content in tomato fruits and development of associated SNP markers.Frontiers in plant science · 2026Article
- Expression Profiling of the Aluminum-Activated Malate Transporter (ALMT) Gene Family in Pumpkin in Response to Aluminum Stress and Exogenous Polyamines.Plants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Characterization of the Soybean (Plants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Molecular signatures that translate across omics layers and crops under high aluminium and low phosphorus stress facilitate the identification of reliable molecular targets for genotyping in lentil.Functional & integrative genomics · 2025Article
- Root Exudates in Soilless Culture Conditions.Plants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Light and substrate composition control root exudation rates at the initial stages of soilless lettuce cultivation.Scientia horticulturae · 2025Article
- Genome wide identification of MATE and ALMT gene family in lentil (Lens culinaris Medikus) and expression profiling under Al stress condition.BMC plant biology · 2025Article
- Article
- GsMYB10 encoding a MYB-CC transcription factor enhances the tolerance to acidic aluminum stress in soybean.BMC plant biology · 2024Article
- A Virulence Factor fromPlants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- Identification and Analysis of Aluminum-Activated Malate Transporter Gene Family Reveals Functional Diversification in Orchidaceae and the Expression Patterns ofInternational journal of molecular sciences · 2024Article
- The Role of Low-Molecular-Weight Organic Acids in Metal Homeostasis in Plants.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Review
- AcEXPA1, an α-expansin gene, participates in the aluminum tolerance of carpetgrass (Axonopus compressus) through root growth regulation.Plant cell reports · 2024Article
- UnregulatedInternational journal of molecular sciences · 2024Article
- PlantPAN 4.0: updated database for identifying conserved non-coding sequences and exploring dynamic transcriptional regulation in plant promoters.Nucleic acids research · 2024Article
- Investigating the involvement of potato (Frontiers in plant science · 2024Article
- Proteomic response to phosphorus deficiency and aluminum stress of three aluminum-tolerant phosphobacteria isolated from acidic soils.iScience · 2023Article
39 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
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10 authors at 4 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Low pH, aluminum (Al) toxicity, and low phosphorus (P) often coexist and are heterogeneously distributed in acid soils. To date, the underlying mechanisms of crop adaptation to these multiple factors on acid soils remain poorly understood. In this study, we found that P addition to acid soils could stimulate Al tolerance, especially for the P-efficient genotype HN89. Subsequent hydroponic studies demonstrated that solution pH, Al, and P levels coordinately altered soybean (Glycine max) root growth and malate exudation. Interestingly, HN89 released more malate under conditions mimicking acid soils (low pH, +P, and +Al), suggesting that root malate exudation might be critical for soybean adaptation to both Al toxicity and P deficiency on acid soils. GmALMT1, a soybean malate transporter gene, was cloned from the Al-treated root tips of HN89. Like root malate exudation, GmALMT1 expression was also pH dependent, being suppressed by low pH but enhanced by Al plus P addition in roots of HN89. Quantitative real-time PCR, transient expression of a GmALMT1-yellow fluorescent protein chimera in Arabidopsis protoplasts, and electrophysiological analysis of Xenopus laevis oocytes expressing GmALMT1 demonstrated that GmALMT1 encodes a root cell plasma membrane transporter that mediates malate efflux in an extracellular pH-dependent and Al-independent manner. Overexpression of GmALMT1 in transgenic Arabidopsis, as well as overexpression and knockdown of GmALMT1 in transgenic soybean hairy roots, indicated that GmALMT1-mediated root malate efflux does underlie soybean Al tolerance. Taken together, our results suggest that malate exudation is an important component of soybean adaptation to acid soils and is coordinately regulated by three factors, pH, Al, and P, through the regulation of GmALMT1 expression and GmALMT1 function.
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