ArticleBMC medicine2013
Smoking and HIV: time for a change?
Article in BMC medicine, 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 18 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
18 citing papers in PubMed, 37 citations in OpenAlex.
- Changes in tobacco use in rural South Africa during the 2020 tobacco sales ban: an analysis of current and previous behaviours using cross-sectional data.Tobacco control · 2025Article
- Conjoint tobacco and alcohol use and depression among HIV-positive patients in Sedibeng, South Africa.South African family practice : official journal of the South African Academy of Family Practice/Primary Care · 2023Article
- A Cross-Sectional Analysis of Tobacco Use and Concurrent Alcohol and Substance Use Among Patients Living with HIV/HCV Co-infection: Findings from a Large Urban Tertiary Center.Journal of clinical psychology in medical settings · 2021Article
- A descriptive analysis of concurrent alcohol and substance use among patients living with HIV/HCV co-infection.Social work in health care · 2020Article
- Tobacco use and nicotine dependence among people living with HIV who drink heavily in South Africa: a cross-sectional baseline study.BMC public health · 2019Article
- Modulatory Effects of Nicotine on neuroHIV/neuroAIDS.Journal of neuroimmune pharmacology : the official journal of the Society on NeuroImmune Pharmacology · 2018Review
- Effects of Tobacco Usage and Antiretroviral Therapy on Biomarkers of Systemic Immune Activation in HIV-Infected Participants.Mediators of inflammation · 2018Article
- Coronary Artery Disease in HIV-Infected Patients: Downside of Living Longer.Current atherosclerosis reports · 2017Review
- Cardiovascular Risk in HIV-Infected and Uninfected Postmenopausal Minority Women: Use of the Framingham Risk Score.Journal of women's health (2002) · 2017Article
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- Topographies of Cortical and Subcortical Volume Loss in HIV and Aging in the cART Era.Journal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes (1999) · 2016Article
- Smoking and projected cardiovascular risk in an HIV-positive Asian regional cohort.HIV medicine · 2016Article
- Recent Tobacco Smoking is Associated with Poor HIV Medical Outcomes Among HIV-Infected Individuals in New York.AIDS and behavior · 2016Article
- Cigarette smoking among Chinese PLWHA: An exploration of changes in smoking after being tested HIV positive.AIDS care · 2016Article
- Clearing the smoke around the TB-HIV syndemic: smoking as a critical issue for TB and HIV treatment and care.The international journal of tuberculosis and lung disease : the official journal of the International Union against Tuberculosis and Lung Disease · 2015Article
- Epidemiology of coronary heart disease in patients with human immunodeficiency virus.Reviews in cardiovascular medicine · 2014Review
- Menthol cigarettes and the cardiovascular risks of people living with HIV.The Journal of the Association of Nurses in AIDS Care : JANACArticle
Corrections and comments
- Comment on
Authors and funding
2 authors at 1 institution in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Cigarette smoking is one of the most important causes of morbidity and mortality in the general population, and is a well-recognized risk factor for a variety of serious clinical conditions, including cardiovascular diseases, pulmonary diseases and cancers. Smoking-related morbidity and mortality are of particular concern in patients with HIV infection, as the prevalence of current cigarette smoking is higher among HIV-positive patients than among the general population. In a study by De et al., it has been evidenced that smoking is a risk factor for bacterial pneumonia in HIV-positive patients and smoking cessation reduces this risk. HIV-positive patients who smoke have significantly increased mortality compared to those who have never smoked, indicating that smoking confers different mortality risk in HIV-positive as compared to HIV-negative patients, and lifestyle-related factors may pose a greater hazard to long-term survival of HIV-positive patients than those related to the HIV infection per se. The high prevalence of smoking among HIV population, the many health risks that can result from this behavior, and the proven efficacy of cessation interventions in HIV-positive patients should encourage HIV care providers to make smoking cessation a high priority.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.