ReviewPediatrics2013
The science of early life toxic stress for pediatric practice and advocacy.
Review in Pediatrics, 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 160 papers, 4 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
160 citing papers in PubMed, 4 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 468 citations in OpenAlex.
- Adverse Childhood Experiences and Primary Headache Disorders: A Systematic Review, Meta-analysis, and Application of a Biological Theory.Neurology · 2023Pooled it
- Parental bipolar disorder, family environment, and offspring psychiatric disorders: A systematic review.Journal of affective disorders · 2020Pooled it
- The Association Between Adverse Childhood Experiences and Risk of Cancer in Adulthood: A Systematic Review of the Literature.Pediatrics · 2016Pooled it
- Pooled it
- Childhood Adversities and the ATTACHInternational journal of environmental research and public health · 2024Trial
- Longitudinal patterns of adversity from childhood to adolescence: Examining associations with mental health through emerging adulthood using a random-intercept latent transition analysis.Developmental psychology · 2024Trial
- A cluster-randomized trial of water, sanitation, handwashing and nutritional interventions on stress and epigenetic programming.Nature communications · 2024Trial
- Development, feasibility, acceptability and preliminary evaluation of the internet and mobile phone-based BSHAPE intervention for Immigrant survivors of cumulative trauma.Contemporary clinical trials · 2021Trial
- Impact of Pathways Triple P on Pediatric Health-Related Quality of Life in Maltreated Children.Journal of developmental and behavioral pediatrics : JDBP · 2018Trial
- Socioeconomic disadvantage, gestational immune activity, and neurodevelopment in early childhood.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2017Trial
- Promotion of long-term health in early life.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2026Article
- Maternal adversity and peripheral proinflammatory cytokine concentrations in pregnancy.Brain, behavior, & immunity - health · 2026Article
- Bridging exposure and disease: serum hormones as potential mediators between PBDEs and preeclampsia.BMC pregnancy and childbirth · 2026Article
- Families Implementing Resilient Systems Together (FIRST).Children (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Multiple Adverse Childhood Experiences and Maternal Mental Health Outcomes Among Kenyan Mothers With and Without HIV.AIDS and behavior · 2026Article
- The association of adverse childhood experiences with the progression of chronic kidney disease in children: a CKiD pilot study.Pediatric nephrology (Berlin, Germany) · 2026Article
- Altered immune and treatment response gene expression signatures among poverty-exposed children with B-ALL.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- The Role of Sleep in Mediating Mental Health Symptoms During the COVID-19 Pandemic in Children with and Without ADHD.Children (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Latent classes of adverse childhood experiences and changes in inflammation across middle age among urban-dwelling adults.Brain, behavior, and immunity · 2025Article
- A cross-national analysis of childhood predictors of physical pain.Communications medicine · 2025Article
100 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Young children who experience toxic stress are at high risk for a number of health outcomes in adulthood, including cardiovascular disease, cancers, asthma, and depression. The American Academy of Pediatrics has recently called on pediatricians, informed by research from molecular biology, genomics, immunology, and neuroscience, to become leaders in science-based strategies to build strong foundations for children's life-long health. In this report, we provide an overview of the science of toxic stress. We summarize the development of the neuroendocrine-immune network, how its function is altered by early life adversity, and how these alterations then increase vulnerability to disease. The fact that early environments shape and calibrate the functioning of biological systems very early in life is both a cautionary tale about overlooking critical periods in development and reason for optimism about the promise of intervention. Even in the most extreme cases of adversity, well-timed changes to children's environments can improve outcomes. Pediatricians are in a unique position to contribute to the public discourse on health and social welfare by explaining how factors that seem distal to child health may be the key to some of the most intractable public health problems of our generation. We consider the challenges and opportunities for preventing toxic stress in the context of contemporary pediatric practice.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.