Evidence map›Paper›PMID 23338906›Full record

SynthesisJournal of immigrant and minority health2014

Strategies to recruit minority persons: a systematic review.

Sarah Ibrahim, Souraya Sidani

Abstract readSystematic Review
PubMed Publisher
In one paragraph

Synthesis in Journal of immigrant and minority health, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 61 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
61citing papers in PubMed, 2 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

61 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Pooled it
  3. Trial
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  6. Article
  7. The ethical permissibility of financial incentives.Medicine, health care, and philosophy · 2026
    Article
  8. Article
  9. Article
  10. Article
  11. Article
  12. Article
  13. Asylum-seeker women: Coping strategies and mental wellbeing.The International journal of social psychiatry · 2025
    Article
  14. Article
  15. Review
  16. The Chelsea Research Festival Model: Disseminating Research, Bridging Community and Academia, and Centering Youth.Progress in community health partnerships : research, education, and action · 2025
    Article
  17. Article
  18. Review
  19. Review
  20. Article

1 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

2 authors.

Sarah IbrahimDaphne Cockwell School of Nursing, Ryerson University, 350 Victoria St., Toronto, ON, M5B 2K3, Canada, sarah.ibrahim@ryerson.ca.
Souraya Sidani

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

To identify and describe strategies used to recruit persons of ethnically and culturally diverse backgrounds and to examine their reported effectiveness. Studies (n = 26) reporting on recruitment of persons of different cultural and ethnic backgrounds, published in English between 1995 and 2012, were included in this systematic review. Data on the type of recruitment strategies and overall reported effectiveness of the strategy in recruiting participants were extracted. The vote counting method was used to synthesize the findings on effectiveness. Both proactive (face-to-face) and reactive recruitment strategies (collaboration with key leaders, snowball and word of mouth, printed material, and broadcast media) and providing compensation, being flexible, building rapport and trust, and employing ethnically and culturally diverse research staff were effective in recruiting participants. A list of strategies that are effective in recruiting persons of diverse ethnic and cultural backgrounds were generated. Researchers can select the evidence-based strategies that are most applicable in the context of their study.

Indexed as

Minority GroupsPatient SelectionEthnicityHumansRacial Groups

Identifiers

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.