ArticlePloS one2013
Ehrlichiosis, babesiosis, anaplasmosis and hepatozoonosis in dogs from St. Kitts, West Indies.
Article in PloS one, 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 39 papers.
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Who cites it
39 citing papers in PubMed, 69 citations in OpenAlex.
- Efficacy of Minocycline in Naturally Occurring Nonacute Ehrlichia canis Infection in Dogs.Journal of veterinary internal medicine · 2018Trial
- A multidimensional analysis of the risk of infection with Ehrlichia canis among urban dogs in Iquitos, Peru.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Hepatozoon infections in domestic and wild Carnivora: etiology, prevalence, clinical disease, diagnosis and treatment, and redescription of Hepatozoon silvestris, H. martis, and H. ursi.Parasites & vectors · 2025Review
- Diversity of Ticks in the Caribbean Region and Detection of Their Pathogens Using BioMark Technology.Transboundary and emerging diseases · 2025Article
- Molecular, epidemiological, and hematological evaluation inOpen veterinary journal · 2024Article
- Completing the Puzzle: A Cluster of Hunting Dogs with Tick-Borne Illness from a Fishing Community in Tobago, West Indies.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- Tick-Borne Pathogens Screening Using a Multiplex Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction-Based Method.Acta parasitologica · 2023Article
- Canine Babesiosis Caused by LargeAnimals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2023Review
- First Molecular Detection and Phylogenetic Analysis ofArchives of Razi Institute · 2022Article
- First study on molecular detection of three major canine tick-borne pathogens in subclinically infected dogs in Chiang Mai, Thailand.Veterinary world · 2022Article
- The Comparison of PCR Kits for the Detection of Erythrocytic Parasites on Filter Paper.Journal of tropical medicine · 2022Article
- Molecular discrimination and genetic diversity of three common tick-borne pathogens in dogs in Thailand.Parasitology · 2022Article
- Ticks and Tick-Borne Diseases in Central America and the Caribbean: A One Health Perspective.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Review
- Molecular detection and characterization of Anaplasma platys and Ehrlichia canis in dogs from the Caribbean.Ticks and tick-borne diseases · 2021Article
- Development of a Multiplex PCR and Magnetic DNA Capture Assay for Detecting Six Species Pathogens of the GeneraPathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Article
- Epidemiological and Clinicopathological Features ofFrontiers in veterinary science · 2021Review
- Molecular Prevalence and Identification ofVeterinary medicine international · 2021Article
- Serologic and Molecular Diagnosis ofPathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2020Article
- A review on the occurrence of companion vector-borne diseases in pet animals in Latin America.Parasites & vectors · 2019Review
- Seroprevalence of Canine Ehrlichiosis and Microscopic Screening for Canine Babesiosis in Dogs in Harare, Zimbabwe, 2016-2017.Veterinary medicine international · 2019Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
12 authors at 3 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundAlthough tick-borne diseases are important causes of morbidity and mortality in dogs in tropical areas, there is little information on the agents causing these infections in the Caribbean. METHODOLOGY: We used PCRs to test blood from a cross-section of dogs on St Kitts for Ehrlichia (E.) canis, Babesia (B.) spp., Anaplasma (A.) spp. and Hepatozoon (H.) spp. Antibodies against E. canis and A. phagocytophilum/platys were detected using commercial immunochromatography tests. Records of the dogs were examined retrospectively to obtain clinical and laboratory data. PRINCIPAL
findingsThere was serological and/or PCR evidence of infections of dogs with E. canis (27%; 46/170), Babesia spp. (24%; 90/372) including B. canis vogeli (12%; 43/372) and B. gibsoni (10%; 36/372), A. platys (11%; 17/157) and H. canis (6%; 15/266). We could not identify the Babesia sp. detected in nine dogs. There was evidence of multiple infections with dual infections with E. canis and B. canis vogeli (8%; 14/179) or B. gibsoni (7%; 11/170) being the most common. There was agreement between immunochromatography and PCR test results for E. canis for 87% of dogs. Only 13% of exposed dogs had signs of a tick-borne disease and 38% had laboratory abnormalities. All 10 dogs presenting for a recheck after treatment of E. canis with doxycycline were apparently healthy although all remained seropositive and six still had laboratory abnormalities despite an average of two treatments with the most recent being around 12 months previously. Infections with Babesia spp. were also mainly subclinical with only 6% (4/67) showing clinical signs and 13% (9/67) having laboratory abnormalities. Similarly, animals with evidence of infections with A. platys and H. canis were largely apparently healthy with only occasional laboratory abnormalities.
conclusionsDogs are commonly infected with tick-borne pathogens in the Caribbean with most having no clinical signs or laboratory abnormalities.
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