Evidence map›Paper›PMID 23335887›Full record

ArticleFrontiers in neural circuits2012

Sub-millisecond closed-loop feedback stimulation between arbitrary sets of individual neurons.

Jan Müller, Douglas J Bakkum, Andreas Hierlemann

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Frontiers in neural circuits, 2012. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 39 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
39citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

39 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Engineering Neuronal Network Connectivity Through Precise and Scalable Electrical Modulation.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2026
    Article
  2. Article
  3. Online supervised learning of temporal patterns in biological neural networks under feedback control.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2026
    Article
  4. Article
  5. Harnessing Intelligence from Brain Cells In Vitro.The Neuroscientist : a review journal bringing neurobiology, neurology and psychiatry · 2025
    Review
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

3 authors.

Jan MüllerBio Engineering Laboratory, ETH Zürich Basel, Switzerland.
Douglas J Bakkum
Andreas Hierlemann

Funding

European Research Council 267351
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

We present a system to artificially correlate the spike timing between sets of arbitrary neurons that were interfaced to a complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor (CMOS) high-density microelectrode array (MEA). The system features a novel reprogrammable and flexible event engine unit to detect arbitrary spatio-temporal patterns of recorded action potentials and is capable of delivering sub-millisecond closed-loop feedback of electrical stimulation upon trigger events in real-time. The relative timing between action potentials of individual neurons as well as the temporal pattern among multiple neurons, or neuronal assemblies, is considered an important factor governing memory and learning in the brain. Artificially changing timings between arbitrary sets of spiking neurons with our system could provide a "knob" to tune information processing in the network.

Indexed as

acausal stimulationclosed-loophigh-density microelectrode arrayLTDSTDPsub-millisecond

Identifiers

PMID23335887
PMCPMC3541546

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.