ArticleThe protein journal2013
Molecular composition and extinction coefficient of native botulinum neurotoxin complex produced by Clostridium botulinum hall A strain.
Article in The protein journal, 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 8 papers.
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Who cites it
8 citing papers in PubMed.
- Botulinum Toxin: A Comprehensive Review of Its Molecular Architecture and Mechanistic Action.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- New Elements To Consider When Modeling the Hazards Associated with Botulinum Neurotoxin in Food.Journal of bacteriology · 2016Review
- Article
- Immunoprecipitation of native botulinum neurotoxin complexes from Clostridium botulinum subtype A strains.Applied and environmental microbiology · 2015Article
- Role of neurotoxin associated proteins in the low pH induced structural changes in the botulinum neurotoxin complex.The protein journal · 2014Article
- Isolation and quantification of botulinum neurotoxin from complex matrices using the BoTest matrix assays.Journal of visualized experiments : JoVE · 2014Article
- Comparative immunochemical characteristics of botulinum neurotoxin type A and its associated proteins.Toxicon : official journal of the International Society on Toxinology · 2013Article
- Structure of a bimodular botulinum neurotoxin complex provides insights into its oral toxicity.PLoS pathogens · 2013Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Seven distinct strains of Clostridium botulinum (type A to G) each produce a stable complex of botulinum neurotoxin (BoNT) along with neurotoxin-associated proteins (NAPs). Type A botulinum neurotoxin (BoNT/A) is produced with a group of NAPs and is commercially available for the treatment of numerous neuromuscular disorders and cosmetic purposes. Previous studies have indicated that BoNT/A complex composition is specific to the strain, the method of growth and the method of purification; consequently, any variation in composition of NAPs could have significant implications to the effectiveness of BoNT based therapeutics. In this study, a standard analytical technique using sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) and densitometry analysis was developed to accurately analyze BoNT/A complex from C. botulinum type A Hall strain. Using 3 batches of BoNT/A complex the molar ratio was determined as neurotoxin binding protein (NBP, 124 kDa), heavy chain (HC, 90 kDa), light chain (LC, 53 kDa), NAP-53 (50 kDa), NAP-33 (36 kDa), NAP-22 (24 kDa), NAP-17 (17 kDa) 1:1:1:2:3:2:2. With Bradford, Lowry, bicinchoninic acid (BCA) and spectroscopic protein estimation methods, the extinction coefficient of BoNT/A complex was determined as 1.54 ± 0.26 (mg/mL)(-1)cm(-1). These findings of a reproducible BoNT/A complex composition will aid in understanding the molecular structure and function of BoNT/A and NAPs.
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