ArticleAmerican journal of obstetrics and gynecology2013
Monitoring vaginal epithelial thickness changes noninvasively in sheep using optical coherence tomography.
Article in American journal of obstetrics and gynecology, 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 14 papers.
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Who cites it
14 citing papers in PubMed, 22 citations in OpenAlex.
- An intravaginal ring for HIV pre-exposure prophylaxis: assessment of safety and pharmacokinetics in a randomized, placebo-controlled clinical trial.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2026Trial
- Next generation 3D-printed intravaginal ring for prevention of HIV and unintended pregnancy.Biomaterials · 2023Article
- Advances in vaginal bioengineering: Applications, techniques, and needs.Current research in physiology · 2023Review
- Optical coherence tomography evaluation of vaginal epithelial thickness during COJournal of biophotonics · 2022Article
- Vaginal Nanoformulations for the Management of Preterm Birth.Pharmaceutics · 2022Review
- Surrogate post-coital testing for contraceptive efficacy against human sperm activity in the ovine vaginal model†.Biology of reproduction · 2021Article
- Characterization of the Ovine Vaginal Microbiome and Inflammation Patterns as an Improved Testing Model of Human Vaginal Irritation.Frontiers in reproductive health · 2021Article
- High-Resolution Quantitative Mapping of Macaque Cervicovaginal Epithelial Thickness: Implications for Mucosal Vaccine Delivery.Frontiers in immunology · 2021Article
- Development of Gram Stain Scoring System Based on Pro-Inflammatory Cytokines in the Sheep Model for Testing Toxicity of Vaginal Products.Frontiers in reproductive health · 2021Article
- Optical Vaginal Biopsy Using Optical Coherence Tomography.Female pelvic medicine & reconstructive surgery · 2020Article
- 1.7 micron optical coherence tomography for vaginal tissue characterization in vivo.Lasers in surgery and medicine · 2019Article
- In Vivo Rectal Mucosal Barrier Function Imaging in a Large-Animal Model by Using Confocal Endomicroscopy: Implications for Injury Assessment and Use in HIV Prevention Studies.Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy · 2016Article
- Cultivated vaginal microbiomes alter HIV-1 infection and antiretroviral efficacy in colonized epithelial multilayer cultures.PloS one · 2014Article
- Optical coherence tomography for assessment of microbicide safety in a small animal model.Journal of biomedical optics · 2013Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
objectiveHigh-resolution optical coherence tomography can be used noninvasively to evaluate vaginal morphologic features, including epithelial thickness, to assess this protective barrier in transmission of sexually transmitted infections and to monitor tissue response to topical medications and hormonal fluctuations. We examined the use of optical coherence tomography to measure epithelial thickness noninvasively before and after topical treatment with a drug that causes epithelial thinning. STUDY
designTwelve female sheep were treated with intravaginal placebo (n = 4) or nonoxynol-9 (n = 8). Vaginal optical coherence tomography images were obtained before and 24 hours after treatment. Four sheep in the nonoxynol-9 group were also examined on days 3 and 7. Vaginal biopsies were obtained on the last examination day. Epithelial thickness was measured in optical coherence tomography images and in hematoxylin and eosin-stained histologic sections from biopsies. Statistical analysis was performed using analyses of variance (significance P < .05).
resultsBaseline optical coherence tomography epithelial thickness measurements were similar (85 ± 19 μm placebo, 78 ± 20 μm nonoxynol-9; P = .52). Epithelial thinning was significant after nonoxynol-9 (32 ± 22 μm) compared with placebo (80 ± 15 μm) 24 hours after treatment (P < .0001). In the 4 nonoxynol-9-treated sheep followed for 7 days, epithelial thickness returned to baseline by day 3, and increased significantly on day 7. Epithelial thickness measurements from histology were not significantly different than optical coherence tomography (P = .98 nonoxynol-9, P = .93 hydroxyethyl cellulose).
conclusionDrug-induced changes in the epithelium were clearly detectable using optical coherence tomography imaging. Optical coherence tomography and histology epithelial thickness measurements were similar, validating optical coherence tomography as a noninvasive method for epithelial thickness measurement, providing an important tool for quantitative and longitudinal monitoring of vaginal epithelial changes.
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