SynthesisPharmacoEconomics2013
Acknowledging patient heterogeneity in economic evaluation : a systematic literature review.
Synthesis in PharmacoEconomics, 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 33 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
33 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Preferences for health-related quality of life: do they vary by age? A systematic literature review on the EQ-5D measure.The European journal of health economics : HEPAC : health economics in prevention and care · 2025Pooled it
- Economic evaluations on centralisation of specialised healthcare services: a systematic review of methods.BMJ open · 2016Pooled it
- Stratified treatment recommendation or one-size-fits-all? A health economic insight based on graphical exploration.The European journal of health economics : HEPAC : health economics in prevention and care · 2019Trial
- Treatment Preferences for Relapsed/Refractory Mantle Cell Lymphoma Among Patients and Physicians in China: A Discrete Choice Experiment.The patient · 2026Article
- A Review of Heterogeneity in Comparative Economic Analysis, with Specific Considerations for the Decentralized US Setting and Patient-Centered Care.PharmacoEconomics · 2025Review
- Advances in Addressing Patient Heterogeneity in Economic Evaluation: A Review of the Methods Literature.PharmacoEconomics · 2024Review
- A Guide to an Iterative Approach to Model-Based Decision Making in Health and Medicine: An Iterative Decision-Making Framework.PharmacoEconomics · 2024Article
- Machine Learning and Health Science Research: Tutorial.Journal of medical Internet research · 2024Article
- Machine learning clinical decision support for interdisciplinary multimodal chronic musculoskeletal pain treatment.Frontiers in pain research (Lausanne, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- Tools for the Economic Evaluation of Precision Medicine: A Scoping Review of Frameworks for Valuing Heterogeneity-Informed Decisions.PharmacoEconomics · 2022Article
- A review of economic evaluations of health care for people at risk of psychosis and for first-episode psychosis.BMC psychiatry · 2022Review
- Factors Limiting Subgroup Analysis in Cost-Effectiveness Analysis and a Call for Transparency.PharmacoEconomics · 2022Article
- Comprehensive value-based cancer care in India: Opportunities for systems strengthening.The Indian journal of medical research · 2021Review
- Direct Medical Costs of Advanced Breast Cancer Treatment: A Real-World Study in the Southeast of The Netherlands.Value in health : the journal of the International Society for Pharmacoeconomics and Outcomes Research · 2021Article
- A New Model for Evaluation of Interventions to Prevent Obesity in Early Childhood.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2019Article
- Patient Variability Seldom Assessed in Cost-effectiveness Studies.Medical decision making : an international journal of the Society for Medical Decision Making · 2018Review
- Nonsevere Hypoglycemia Episode Clinical and Economic Outcomes: A Comparison between Sulfonylurea and Sodium-Glucose Cotransporter 2 Inhibitor as Add-On to Metformin from a Canadian Perspective.International journal of endocrinology · 2018Review
- Should Countries Set an Explicit Health Benefits Package? The Case of the English National Health Service.Value in health : the journal of the International Society for Pharmacoeconomics and Outcomes Research · 2017Article
- Cost-effectiveness analysis of the diarrhea alleviation through zinc and oral rehydration therapy (DAZT) program in rural Gujarat India: an application of the net-benefit regression framework.Cost effectiveness and resource allocation : C/E · 2017Article
- Economic Evaluation of Vaccination Programmes in Older Adults and the Elderly: Important Issues and Challenges.PharmacoEconomics · 2016Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
10 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND
objectivePatient heterogeneity is the part of variability that can be explained by certain patient characteristics (e.g. age, disease stage). Population reimbursement decisions that acknowledge patient heterogeneity could potentially save money and increase population health. To date, however, economic evaluations pay only limited attention to patient heterogeneity. The objective of the present paper is to provide a comprehensive overview of the current knowledge regarding patient heterogeneity within economic evaluation of healthcare programmes.
methodsA systematic literature review was performed to identify methodological papers on the topic of patient heterogeneity in economic evaluation. Data were obtained using a keyword search of the PubMed database and manual searches. Handbooks were also included. Relevant data were extracted regarding potential sources of patient heterogeneity, in which of the input parameters of an economic evaluation these occur, methods to acknowledge patient heterogeneity and specific concerns associated with this acknowledgement.
resultsA total of 20 articles and five handbooks were included. The relevant sources of patient heterogeneity (demographics, preferences and clinical characteristics) and the input parameters where they occurred (baseline risk, treatment effect, health state utility and resource utilization) were combined in a framework. Methods were derived for the design, analysis and presentation phases of an economic evaluation. Concerns related mainly to the danger of false-positive results and equity issues.
conclusionBy systematically reviewing current knowledge regarding patient heterogeneity within economic evaluations of healthcare programmes, we provide guidance for future economic evaluations. Guidance is provided on which sources of patient heterogeneity to consider, how to acknowledge them in economic evaluation and potential concerns. The improved acknowledgement of patient heterogeneity in future economic evaluations may well improve the efficiency of healthcare.
Indexed as
Identifiers
23329430What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.