ArticlePloS one2013
Health impact modelling of active travel visions for England and Wales using an Integrated Transport and Health Impact Modelling Tool (ITHIM).
Article in PloS one, 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 72 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
72 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Walkability and urban built environments-a systematic review of health impact assessments (HIA).BMC public health · 2023Pooled it
- What Is the Best Practice Method for Quantifying the Health and Economic Benefits of Active Transport?International journal of environmental research and public health · 2020Pooled it
- Systematic review and meta-analysis of reduction in all-cause mortality from walking and cycling and shape of dose response relationship.The international journal of behavioral nutrition and physical activity · 2014Pooled it
- Active Transport Health Model: Valuing the Health Benefits of Active Transport.Applied health economics and health policy · 2026Article
- Quantitative Health Impact Assessment of Environmental Exposures Linked to Urban Transport and Land Use in Europe: State of Research and Research Agenda.Current environmental health reports · 2025Review
- An integrative review of the physical, mental, and socioeconomic benefits of outdoor hiking.Frontiers in public health · 2025Review
- The untapped health and climate potential of cycling in France: a national assessment from individual travel data.The Lancet regional health. Europe · 2024Article
- An Analysis of the Health Effects of Physical Activity due to Active Travel Policies in Rennes, France.Wellcome open research · 2024Article
- Validating the Perceived Active School Travel Enablers and Barriers-Parent (PASTEB-P) Questionnaire to Support Intervention Programming and Research.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2023Article
- Impact on mortality of pathways to net zero greenhouse gas emissions in England and Wales: a multisectoral modelling study.The Lancet. Planetary health · 2023Article
- Benefits, risks, barriers, and facilitators to cycling: a narrative review.Frontiers in sports and active living · 2023Review
- The Health Economic Assessment Tool (HEAT) for walking and cycling - experiences from 10 years of application of a health impact assessment tool in policy and practice.Frontiers in sports and active living · 2023Article
- A theory-based model of cumulative activity.Scientific reports · 2022Article
- Overall health impacts of a potential increase in cycle commuting in Stockholm, Sweden.Scandinavian journal of public health · 2022Article
- The Built Environment and Health in Low- and Middle-Income Countries: a Review on Quantitative Health Impact Assessments.Current environmental health reports · 2022Review
- Health impacts of changes in travel patterns in Greater Accra Metropolitan Area, Ghana.Environment international · 2021Article
- The Health-Oriented Transportation Model: Estimating the health benefits of active transportation.Journal of transport & health · 2021Article
- Health, environmental and distributional impacts of cycling uptake: The model underlying the Propensity to Cycle tool for England and Wales.Journal of transport & health · 2021Article
- Crisis care: tackling the climate and ecological emergency.BJPsych bulletin · 2021Article
- Forecasting Diabetes Cases Prevented and Cost Savings Associated with Population Increases of Walking in the Greater Toronto and Hamilton Area, Canada.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2021Article
12 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundAchieving health benefits while reducing greenhouse gas emissions from transport offers a potential policy win-win; the magnitude of potential benefits, however, is likely to vary. This study uses an Integrated Transport and Health Impact Modelling tool (ITHIM) to evaluate the health and environmental impacts of high walking and cycling transport scenarios for English and Welsh urban areas outside London.
methodsThree scenarios with increased walking and cycling and lower car use were generated based upon the Visions 2030 Walking and Cycling project. Changes to carbon dioxide emissions were estimated by environmental modelling. Health impact assessment modelling was used to estimate changes in Disability Adjusted Life Years (DALYs) resulting from changes in exposure to air pollution, road traffic injury risk, and physical activity. We compare the findings of the model with results generated using the World Health Organization's Health Economic Assessment of Transport (HEAT) tools.
resultsThis study found considerable reductions in disease burden under all three scenarios, with the largest health benefits attributed to reductions in ischemic heart disease. The pathways that produced the largest benefits were, in order, physical activity, road traffic injuries, and air pollution. The choice of dose response relationship for physical activity had a large impact on the size of the benefits. Modelling the impact on all-cause mortality rather than through individual diseases suggested larger benefits. Using the best available evidence we found fewer road traffic injuries for all scenarios compared with baseline but alternative assumptions suggested potential increases.
conclusionsMethods to estimate the health impacts from transport related physical activity and injury risk are in their infancy; this study has demonstrated an integration of transport and health impact modelling approaches. The findings add to the case for a move from car transport to walking and cycling, and have implications for empirical and modelling research.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.