ArticleBlood2013
NK cell responses to cytomegalovirus infection lead to stable imprints in the human KIR repertoire and involve activating KIRs.
Article in Blood, 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 313 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
313 citing papers in PubMed, 505 citations in OpenAlex.
- Identifying SARS-CoV-2 'memory' NK cells from COVID-19 convalescent donors for adoptive cell therapy.Immunology · 2022Trial
- Activatory Receptor NKp30 Predicts NK Cell Activation During Controlled Human Malaria Infection.Frontiers in immunology · 2019Trial
- Human Cytomegalovirus Antigen Presentation by HLA-DR+ NKG2C+ Adaptive NK Cells Specifically Activates Polyfunctional Effector Memory CD4+ T Lymphocytes.Frontiers in immunology · 2019Trial
- Dynamic Changes in Natural Killer Cell Subset Frequencies in the Absence of Cytomegalovirus Infection.Frontiers in immunology · 2019Trial
- Adaptive Reconfiguration of Natural Killer Cells in HIV-1 Infection.Frontiers in immunology · 2018Trial
- Innate immune imprints shape HIV-1 reservoir cell persistence during long-term antiretroviral therapy.Nature immunology · 2026Article
- Clonal selection of somatic mutations shapes NK cell memory.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Can natural killer cells cure leukemia?Leukemia · 2026Review
- Mechanisms and Determinants of CMV Reactivation in Kidney Transplantation.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- Clonal lineage tracing of innate immune cells in human cancer.Cancer cell · 2026Article
- HLA-E-Directed Accumulation of KIRInternational journal of molecular sciences · 2026Article
- Transient Interferon-Driven Natural Killer Cell Activation in Acute Hepatitis C.The Journal of infectious diseases · 2026Article
- Latent cytomegalovirus disrupts innate NK cell responses to P. falciparum and impairs parasite control in first infection in adults.PLoS pathogens · 2026Article
- Article
- Differentiation of cord blood-derived Innate Lymphoid Cells 1 into KIR+NKG2A- natural killer cells in a human stem cell niche.Stem cells translational medicine · 2026Article
- Tumor microenvironment-driven natural killer cell diversity: mechanisms and therapeutic opportunities.Cancer biology & medicine · 2026Review
- Natural killer cells in kidney immune surveillance, injury and fibrosis.Nature reviews. Nephrology · 2026Review
- Expanded adaptive NKG2C+ NK cells exhibit potent ADCC and functional responses against HBV-infected hepatoma cell lines.Cytotherapy · 2026Article
- Resident CD49aScience advances · 2026Article
- Herpesvirus-host interactions in neurological diseases: the immunogenetic role of HLA-E.Journal of virology · 2025Review
253 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
16 authors at 6 institutions in 4 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Human natural killer (NK) cells are functionally regulated by killer cell immunoglobulin-like receptors (KIRs) and their interactions with HLA class I molecules. As KIR expression in a given NK cell is genetically hard-wired, we hypothesized that KIR repertoire perturbations reflect expansions of unique NK-cell subsets and may be used to trace adaptation of the NK-cell compartment to virus infections. By determining the human "KIR-ome" at a single-cell level in more than 200 donors, we were able to analyze the magnitude of NK cell adaptation to virus infections in healthy individuals. Strikingly, infection with human cytomegalovirus (CMV), but not with other common herpesviruses, induced expansion and differentiation of KIR-expressing NK cells, visible as stable imprints in the repertoire. Education by inhibitory KIRs promoted the clonal-like expansion of NK cells, causing a bias for self-specific inhibitory KIRs. Furthermore, our data revealed a unique contribution of activating KIRs (KIR2DS4, KIR2DS2, or KIR3DS1), in addition to NKG2C, in the expansion of human NK cells. These results provide new insight into the diversity of KIR repertoire and its adaptation to virus infection, suggesting a role for both activating and inhibitory KIRs in immunity to CMV infection.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.