ArticleThe Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience2013
Adolescent morphine exposure affects long-term microglial function and later-life relapse liability in a model of addiction.
Article in The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience, 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 71 papers.
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Who cites it
71 citing papers in PubMed, 113 citations in OpenAlex.
- Persistent effects of repeated adolescent and adult heroin vapor inhalation in female Wistar rats.Psychopharmacology · 2026Article
- The actions of morphine on microglia and the underlying effects on associated adverse effects.Psychopharmacology · 2026Review
- Not just neurons: glial mechanisms driving sex-specific vulnerability to withdrawal and relapse in substance use disorder.Frontiers in neuroendocrinology · 2026Review
- Worldwide Research Trends on Substance Use Disorder-Related Inflammatory Imbalances: A Bibliometric Analysis.CNS neuroscience & therapeutics · 2025Article
- Repeated, sustained inflammation affects hippocampal dependent learning and neuroinflammation across age and sex.Behavioural brain research · 2025Article
- Potential roles for microglia in drug addiction: Adolescent neurodevelopment and beyond.Journal of neuroimmunology · 2025Review
- Hyperbaric oxygen treatment attenuates naloxone-precipitated opioid withdrawal behaviors and alters microglial activity in male and female mice.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Suicide, Psychoactive Substances, and Homelessness: A Scoping Review.Brain sciences · 2025Review
- Review
- Early life psychosocial stress increases binge-like ethanol consumption and CSF1R inhibition prevents stress-induced alterations in microglia and brain macrophage population density.Brain, behavior, & immunity - health · 2025Article
- Adolescent morphine exposure does not alter low-dose lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced sickness behavior in adult C57/BL6 mice.PloS one · 2025Article
- Impact of Neuroimmune System Activation by Adolescent Binge Alcohol Exposure on Adult Neurobiology.Advances in experimental medicine and biology · 2025Review
- Transcriptional and epigenetic regulation of microglia in substance use disorders.Molecular and cellular neurosciences · 2023Review
- Effects of sex and pro-inflammatory cytokines on context discrimination memory.Behavioural brain research · 2023Article
- The long-term effects of repeated heroin vapor inhalation during adolescence on measures of nociception and anxiety-like behavior in adult Wistar rats.Psychopharmacology · 2022Article
- Frequent Low-Dose ΔBiological psychiatry · 2022Article
- The Crosstalk between the Blood-Brain Barrier Dysfunction and Neuroinflammation after General Anaesthesia.Current issues in molecular biology · 2022Review
- Does Traumatic Brain Injury Cause Risky Substance Use or Substance Use Disorder?Biological psychiatry · 2022Review
- Sex differences in the rodent hippocampal opioid system following stress and oxycodone associated learning processes.Pharmacology, biochemistry, and behavior · 2022Review
- Toll-Like Receptor 4: A Novel Target to Tackle Drug Addiction?Handbook of experimental pharmacology · 2022Article
11 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
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Authors and funding
2 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
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Abstract
Adolescence in humans represents a unique developmental time point associated with increased risk-taking behavior and experimentation with drugs of abuse. We hypothesized that exposure to drugs of abuse during adolescence may increase the risk of addiction in adulthood. To test this, rats were treated with a subchronic regimen of morphine or saline in adolescence, and their preference for morphine was examined using conditioned place preference (CPP) and drug-induced reinstatement in adulthood. The initial preference for morphine did not differ between groups; however, rats treated with morphine during adolescence showed robust reinstatement of morphine CPP after drug re-exposure in adulthood. This effect was not seen in rats pretreated with a subchronic regimen of morphine as adults, suggesting that exposure to morphine specifically during adolescence increases the risk of relapse to drug-seeking behavior in adulthood. We have previously established a role for microglia, the immune cells of the brain, and immune molecules in the risk of drug-induced reinstatement of morphine CPP. Thus, we examined the role of microglia within the nucleus accumbens of these rats and determined that rats exposed to morphine during adolescence had a significant increase in Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) mRNA and protein expression specifically on microglia. Morphine binds to TLR4 directly, and this increase in TLR4 was associated with exaggerated morphine-induced TLR4 signaling and microglial activation in rats previously exposed to morphine during adolescence. These data suggest that long-term changes in microglial function, caused by adolescent morphine exposure, alter the risk of drug-induced reinstatement in adulthood.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.