ArticleJournal of neurophysiology2013
A sodium-activated potassium channel supports high-frequency firing and reduces energetic costs during rapid modulations of action potential amplitude.
Article in Journal of neurophysiology, 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 16 papers.
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Who cites it
16 citing papers in PubMed, 48 citations in OpenAlex.
- Diffuse pacemaker mechanism with distinctive organization drives pulsation in the octocoralProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2025Article
- Coupling of Slack and NaeLife · 2024Article
- Antisense oligonucleotide therapy for KCNT1 encephalopathy.JCI insight · 2022Article
- Resurgent NaNature communications · 2021Article
- Derived loss of signal complexity and plasticity in a genus of weakly electric fish.The Journal of experimental biology · 2021Article
- Sodium sensitivity of KJournal of neurophysiology · 2021Article
- Convergent patterns of evolution of mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) genes in electric fishes.Philosophical transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological sciences · 2020Article
- Electrostatic Tuning of a Potassium Channel in Electric Fish.Current biology : CB · 2018Article
- Article
- Electric organ discharge diversification in mormyrid weakly electric fish is associated with differential expression of voltage-gated ion channel genes.Journal of comparative physiology. A, Neuroethology, sensory, neural, and behavioral physiology · 2017Article
- Article
- A highly polarized excitable cell separates sodium channels from sodium-activated potassium channels by more than a millimeter.Journal of neurophysiology · 2015Article
- Ionic mechanisms of microsecond-scale spike timing in single cells.The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience · 2014Article
- KCNT1 gain of function in 2 epilepsy phenotypes is reversed by quinidine.Annals of neurology · 2014Article
- Action potential energetics at the organismal level reveal a trade-off in efficiency at high firing rates.The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience · 2014Article
- Slack, Slick and Sodium-Activated Potassium Channels.ISRN neuroscience · 2013Article
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Authors and funding
3 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
We investigated the ionic mechanisms that allow dynamic regulation of action potential (AP) amplitude as a means of regulating energetic costs of AP signaling. Weakly electric fish generate an electric organ discharge (EOD) by summing the APs of their electric organ cells (electrocytes). Some electric fish increase AP amplitude during active periods or social interactions and decrease AP amplitude when inactive, regulated by melanocortin peptide hormones. This modulates signal amplitude and conserves energy. The gymnotiform Eigenmannia virescens generates EODs at frequencies that can exceed 500 Hz, which is energetically challenging. We examined how E. virescens meets that challenge. E. virescens electrocytes exhibit a voltage-gated Na(+) current (I(Na)) with extremely rapid recovery from inactivation (τ(recov) = 0.3 ms) allowing complete recovery of Na(+) current between APs even in fish with the highest EOD frequencies. Electrocytes also possess an inwardly rectifying K(+) current and a Na(+)-activated K(+) current (I(KNa)), the latter not yet identified in any gymnotiform species. In vitro application of melanocortins increases electrocyte AP amplitude and the magnitudes of all three currents, but increased I(KNa) is a function of enhanced Na(+) influx. Numerical simulations suggest that changing I(Na) magnitude produces corresponding changes in AP amplitude and that K(Na) channels increase AP energy efficiency (10-30% less Na(+) influx/AP) over model cells with only voltage-gated K(+) channels. These findings suggest the possibility that E. virescens reduces the energetic demands of high-frequency APs through rapidly recovering Na(+) channels and the novel use of KNa channels to maximize AP amplitude at a given Na(+) conductance.
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