Evidence map›Paper›PMID 23322260›Full record

ArticleInjury prevention : journal of the International Society for Child and Adolescent Injury Prevention2013

Sociocultural factors that reduce risks of homicide in Dar es Salaam: a case control study.

Stephen Matthew Kibusi, Mayumi Ohnishi, Anne Outwater, Kaoruko Seino, Masashi Kizuki, Takehito Takano

Registry-linked trialAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Injury prevention : journal of the International Society for Child and Adolescent Injury Prevention, 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT04602416 (Entrepreneurship and Beekeeping for Young Men at Risk for Violence in Dar es Salaam Tanzania), which is not on this map. Cited by 7 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
7citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

NCT04602416 completednot on this mapstarted 2015, after this paper: background citation

Entrepreneurship and Beekeeping for Young Men at Risk for Violence in Dar es Salaam Tanzania: A Pilot Study

TypeobservationalSponsorMuhimbili University of Health and Allied SciencesRan2015 to 2017Enrolled57ConditionsViolence, PhysicalArmsTraining sessions
3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

7 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.

  1. Pooled it
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors.

Stephen Matthew KibusiHealth Promotion Section, Graduate School of Tokyo Medical and Dental University, , Tokyo, Japan.
Mayumi Ohnishi
Anne Outwater
Kaoruko Seino
Masashi Kizuki
Takehito Takano

Funding

Injury Risk and Protection in Tanzania: Ecological ModelF31NR008809 · NINR · JOHNS HOPKINS UNIVERSITY · PI OUTWATER, ANNE H · 2004 to 2006
$133k
NINR NIH HHS 1F31 NR008809-01A1NINR NIH HHS F31 NR008809
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

objectivesThis study was performed to examine the potential contributions of sociocultural activities to reduce risks of death by homicide.

methodsThis study was designed as a case control study. Relatives of 90 adult homicide victims in Dar es Salaam Region, Tanzania, in 2005 were interviewed. As controls, 211 participants matched for sex and 5-year age group were randomly selected from the same region and interviewed regarding the same contents.

resultsBivariate analysis revealed significant differences between victims and controls regarding educational status, occupation, family structure, frequent heavy drinking, hard drug use and religious attendance. Conditional logistic regression analysis indicated that the following factors were significantly related to not becoming victims of homicide: being in employment (unskilled labour: OR=0.04, skilled labour: OR=0.07, others: OR=0.04), higher educational status (OR=0.02), residence in Dar es Salaam after becoming an adult (compared with those who have resided in Dar es Salaam since birth: OR=3.95), living with another person (OR=0.07), not drinking alcohol frequently (OR=0.15) and frequent religious service attendance (OR=0.12).

conclusionsFrequent religious service attendance, living in the same place for a long time and living with another person were shown to be factors that contribute to preventing death by homicide, regardless of place of residence and neighbourhood environment. Existing non-structural community resources and social cohesive networks strengthen individual and community resilience against violence.

Indexed as

Social EnvironmentAdultCase-Control StudiesEducational StatusEmploymentFemaleHomicideHumansLogistic ModelsMaleMiddle AgedReligionRisk FactorsSocioeconomic FactorsTanzania

Identifiers

PMID23322260
PMCPMC3786652

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Registered trials

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.