ArticleJournal of sports sciences2013
Child-adult differences in the kinetics of torque development.
Article in Journal of sports sciences, 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 13 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
13 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Efficacy of School-Based Interventions for Improving Muscular Fitness Outcomes in Adolescent Boys: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.Sports medicine (Auckland, N.Z.) · 2020Pooled it
- Neuromuscular Activation Strategies of the Lower Limb During Maximal Sprinting in Youth Track and Field Athletes: Age-Related Differences and Implications for Talent Identification.Sports (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Children'sEuropean journal of applied physiology · 2025Review
- Motor unit firing rates during slow and fast contractions in boys and men.European journal of applied physiology · 2024Article
- Joint position and force senses in young female tennis players and untrained adolescents.PloS one · 2024Article
- Skeletal Muscle Measurements in Pediatric Hematology and Oncology: Essential Components to a Comprehensive Assessment.Children (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Review
- How mechanics of individual muscle-tendon units define knee and ankle joint function in health and cerebral palsy-a narrative review.Frontiers in bioengineering and biotechnology · 2023Review
- Elbow Joint Position and Force Senses in Young and Adult Untrained People and Gymnasts.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2022Article
- Strength Abilities and Serve Reception Efficiency of Youth Female Volleyball Players.Applied bionics and biomechanics · 2022Article
- Comment on: "Are Prepubertal Children Metabolically Comparable to Well-Trained Adult Endurance Athletes?"Sports medicine (Auckland, N.Z.) · 2017Article
- Neuromuscular interactions around the knee in children, adults and elderly.World journal of orthopedics · 2014Review
- Neuromuscular control of goal-directed ankle movements differs for healthy children and adults.European journal of applied physiology · 2014Article
- Isokinetic muscle strength differences in patients with mucopolysaccharidosis I, II, and VI.Journal of pediatric rehabilitation medicine · 2014Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Children have lower size-normalised maximal voluntary force, speed, and power than adults. It has been hypothesised that these and other age-related performance differences are due to lesser type-II motor-unit utilisation in children. This should be manifested as slower force kinetics in explosive muscle contractions. The purpose of this study was to investigate the nature of child-adult force-kinetics differences and whether the latter could support that hypothesis. Untrained boys (n = 20) and men (n = 20) (10.1 ± 1.3 and 22.9 ± 4.4 years, respectively), performed maximal, explosive, isometric elbow flexions and knee extensions on a Biodex dynamometer. Peak torque (MVC), times to 10-100% MVC, and other kinetics parameters were determined. The boys' body-mass-normalised knee extension MVC, peak rate of torque development, and %MVC at 100 ms were 26, 17 and 23% lower compared with the men and their times to 30% and 80% MVC were 24 and 48% longer, respectively. Elbow flexion kinetics showed similar or greater differences. The findings illuminate boys' inherent disadvantage in tasks requiring speed or explosive force. It is demonstrated that the extent of the boys-men kinetics disparity cannot be explained by muscle-composition and/or musculo-tendinous-stiffness differences. We suggest therefore that the findings indirectly support children's lower utilisation of type-II motor units.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.