ArticlePloS one2013
Barrier immune effectors are maintained during transition from nurse to forager in the honey bee.
Article in PloS one, 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 12 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
12 citing papers in PubMed.
- Clodronate Liposomes Untangle the Role of Hemocytes in <italic>Apis mellifera</italic> Response to Temperature Variation and Microbial Infection.Journal of innate immunity · 2026Article
- Immune priming of honey bees protects against a major microsporidian pathogen.Pest management science · 2025Article
- Clodronate liposomes untangle the role of hemocytes inbioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2025Article
- Article
- Dynamics of the Honeybee (Microorganisms · 2020Article
- Influence of chronic exposure to thiamethoxam and chronic bee paralysis virus on winter honey bees.PloS one · 2019Article
- Does the Pollen Diet Influence the Production and Expression of Antimicrobial Peptides in Individual Honey Bees?Insects · 2018Article
- Article
- Gut microbial communities of social bees.Nature reviews. Microbiology · 2016Review
- Negligible uptake and transfer of diet-derived pollen microRNAs in adult honey bees.RNA biology · 2016Article
- Honey bee hemocyte profiling by flow cytometry.PloS one · 2014Article
- Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Foragers facilitate horizontal pathogen transmission in honey bee colonies, yet their systemic immune function wanes during transition to this life stage. In general, the insect immune system can be categorized into mechanisms operating at both the barrier epithelial surfaces and at the systemic level. As proposed by the intergenerational transfer theory of aging, such immunosenescence may result from changes in group resource allocation. Yet, the relative influence of pathogen transmission and resource allocation on immune function in bees from different stages has not been examined in the context of barrier immunity. We find that expression levels of antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) in honey bee barrier epithelia of the digestive tract do not follow a life stage-dependent decrease. In addition, correlation of AMP transcript abundance with microbe levels reveals a number of microbe-associated changes in AMPs levels that are equivalent between nurses and foragers. These results favor a model in which barrier effectors are maintained in foragers as a first line of defense, while systemic immune effectors are dismantled to optimize hive-level resources. These findings have important implications for our understanding of immunosenescence in honey bees and other social insects.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.