ArticleHealth psychology : official journal of the Division of Health Psychology, American Psychological Association2013
Development of muscularity and weight concerns in heterosexual and sexual minority males.
Article in Health psychology : official journal of the Division of Health Psychology, American Psychological Association, 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 45 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
45 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 114 citations in OpenAlex.
- Paradoxical Obesity and Overweight Disparities Among Sexual Minority Men: A Meta-Analysis.American journal of men's healthPooled it
- Greater Intraminority Stressors Predict Body Dissatisfaction, Cognitive Restraint, and More Muscle Building One Month Later in Sexual Minoritized Men.The International journal of eating disorders · 2026Article
- Association Between Emotion Regulation and Body Image Concerns in a Group of Adolescent Boys: Interaction With the Internalization of the Sociocultural Body Ideal.Journal of emotional and behavioral disorders · 2024Article
- Differences in Thinness- and Muscularity-Oriented Eating and Body Image Disturbances and Psychosocial Well-Being in Chinese Sexual Minority Men Reporting Top, Bottom, and Versatile Sexual Self-Labels.Archives of sexual behavior · 2024Article
- Pressure From Within: Gay-Community Stress and Body Dissatisfaction Among Sexual-Minority Men.Clinical psychological science : a journal of the Association for Psychological Science · 2024Article
- Chest Binding: Sociodemographic Characteristics Among a National Sample of Transgender and Gender Diverse Adolescents.The Journal of adolescent health : official publication of the Society for Adolescent Medicine · 2024Article
- Can I Love My Body Even if It Doesn't Look Like the Porn Stars'? Longitudinal Associations Between Pornography Use Frequency and Body Appreciation in a Diverse Sample of Adolescents.Archives of sexual behavior · 2023Article
- Association between dating app use and unhealthy weight control behaviors and muscle enhancing behaviors in sexual minority men: a cross-sectional study.BMC public health · 2023Article
- Muscle-Building Exercise and Weapon Carrying and Physical Fighting Among U.S. Adolescent Boys.Journal of interpersonal violence · 2023Article
- Internalization of muscularity and thinness ideals: Associations with body dissatisfaction, eating disorder symptoms, and muscle dysmorphic symptoms in at risk sexual minority men.The International journal of eating disorders · 2022Article
- Prevalence and sociodemographic characteristics of moderate and high engagement in muscle-building exercise among adolescents.Body image · 2022Article
- "White, Tall, Top, Masculine, Muscular": Narratives of Intracommunity Stigma in Young Sexual Minority Men's Experience on Mobile Apps.Archives of sexual behavior · 2022Article
- Article
- Weight gain attempts and diet modification efforts among adults in five countries: a cross-sectional study.Nutrition journal · 2022Article
- Subjective well-being in non-obese individuals depends strongly on body composition.Scientific reports · 2021Article
- Validation of the factor structure of the Eating Pathology Symptoms Inventory in an international sample of sexual minority men.Eating behaviors · 2021Article
- Sexual Orientation-Based Differential Item Functioning in Measures of Body Image Concerns and Ideals among Men.Psychology of men & masculinity · 2021Article
- Sexual fluidity and BMI, obesity, and physical activity.SSM - population health · 2020Article
- Eating disorders and disordered eating behaviors in the LGBT population: a review of the literature.Journal of eating disorders · 2020Review
- Community norms for the Eating Disorder Examination Questionnaire among cisgender gay men.European eating disorders review : the journal of the Eating Disorders Association · 2020Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
objectiveTo examine the development of muscularity and weight concerns among heterosexual and sexual minority males in adolescence.
methodParticipants were 5,868 males from the Growing Up Today Study, a U.S. prospective cohort spanning ages 9-25 years. Generalized estimating equations were used to test sexual orientation differences in the development of muscularity concerns, weight gain attempts, and weight and shape concern.
resultsDesire for bigger muscles increased slightly each year across adolescence (β = .10, 95% C.I. = .09, .11) regardless of sexual orientation, but gay and bisexual participants reported greater desire for toned muscles than completely and mostly heterosexual males (β = .39, 95% C.I. = .21, .57). Desire for toned muscles did not change with age. Attempts to gain weight increased threefold across adolescence, with up to 30% reporting weight gain attempts by age 16. Although underweight males (the smallest weight status class) were most likely to attempt to gain weight, most of the observed weight gain attempts were by healthy (69%) and overweight/obese (27%) males, suggesting that most attempts were medically unnecessary and could lead to overweight. Sexual minority participants were 20% less likely to report weight gain attempts than completely heterosexual participants. Weight and shape concern increased with age, with gay and bisexual participants experiencing a significantly greater increase than heterosexual males.
conclusionsSexual orientation modifies the development and expression of male weight and muscularity concerns. The findings have implications for early interventions for the prevention of obesity and eating disorder risk in heterosexual and sexual minority males.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.