ArticleEukaryotic cell2013
Bcr1 functions downstream of Ssd1 to mediate antimicrobial peptide resistance in Candida albicans.
Article in Eukaryotic cell, 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 16 papers.
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Who cites it
16 citing papers in PubMed, 20 citations in OpenAlex.
- WHO Critical Priority Fungi: A Comprehensive Review of Antifungal Resistance, Emerging Therapeutic Strategies, and the Potential of Antifungal Peptides.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- In Vivo Evaluation of Efficacy and Toxicity of Bioinspired Peptides With Antimicrobial Properties Against Fungal Infection inInternational journal of microbiology · 2026Article
- Various Biomimetics, Including Peptides as Antifungals.Biomimetics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Review
- Repurposing HIV Protease Inhibitors Atazanavir and Darunavir as Antifungal Treatments againstCurrent issues in molecular biology · 2022Article
- Membrane-Interacting Antifungal Peptides.Frontiers in cell and developmental biology · 2021Review
- How to Use a Mutant Library to Identify Genes Required for Biofilm Formation in the PathogenicUJEMI+ · 2020Article
- "Tissue barriers · 2019Review
- Methodologies forMicrobial cell (Graz, Austria) · 2018Review
- Regulated Cell Death as a Therapeutic Target for Novel Antifungal Peptides and Biologics.Oxidative medicine and cellular longevity · 2018Review
- Innate Immunity to Mucosal Candida Infections.Journal of fungi (Basel, Switzerland) · 2017Review
- Fungal Strategies to Evade the Host Immune Recognition.Journal of fungi (Basel, Switzerland) · 2017Review
- Oropharyngeal Candidiasis: Fungal Invasion and Epithelial Cell Responses.PLoS pathogens · 2017Review
- Post-transcriptional gene regulation in the biology and virulence of Candida albicans.Cellular microbiology · 2016Review
- Interplay between Candida albicans and the antimicrobial peptide armory.Eukaryotic cell · 2014Review
- Characterization of biofilm formation and the role of BCR1 in clinical isolates of Candida parapsilosis.Eukaryotic cell · 2014Article
- Defensins: antifungal lessons from eukaryotes.Frontiers in microbiology · 2014Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
7 authors at 4 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
In order to colonize the host and cause disease, Candida albicans must avoid being killed by host defense peptides. Previously, we determined that the regulatory protein Ssd1 governs antimicrobial peptide resistance in C. albicans. Here, we sought to identify additional genes whose products govern susceptibility to antimicrobial peptides. We discovered that a bcr1Δ/Δ mutant, like the ssd1Δ/Δ mutant, had increased susceptibility to the antimicrobial peptides, protamine, RP-1, and human β defensin-2. Homozygous deletion of BCR1 in the ssd1Δ/Δ mutant did not result in a further increase in antimicrobial peptide susceptibility. Exposure of the bcr1Δ/Δ and ssd1Δ/Δ mutants to RP-1 induced greater loss of mitochondrial membrane potential and increased plasma membrane permeability than with the control strains. Therefore, Bcr1 and Ssd1 govern antimicrobial peptide susceptibility and likely function in the same pathway. Furthermore, BCR1 mRNA expression was downregulated in the ssd1Δ/Δ mutant, and the forced expression of BCR1 in the ssd1Δ/Δ mutant partially restored antimicrobial peptide resistance. These results suggest that Bcr1 functions downstream of Ssd1. Interestingly, overexpression of 11 known Bcr1 target genes in the bcr1Δ/Δ mutant failed to restore antimicrobial peptide resistance, suggesting that other Bcr1 target genes are likely responsible for antimicrobial peptide resistance. Collectively, these results demonstrate that Bcr1 functions downstream of Ssd1 to govern antimicrobial peptide resistance by maintaining mitochondrial energetics and reducing membrane permeabilization.
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