ArticleEukaryotic cell2013
Extracellular DNA release acts as an antifungal resistance mechanism in mature Aspergillus fumigatus biofilms.
Article in Eukaryotic cell, 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 77 papers.
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Who cites it
77 citing papers in PubMed, 173 citations in OpenAlex.
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- Application of cinnamon essential oil microcapsules in anti-fungal preservation of Spatholobi caulis.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Unravelling the noncanonical extracellular DNA structures in biofilm and NETosis.Nucleic acids research · 2026Review
- Bioactive Constituents ofDrug design, development and therapy · 2026Review
- Molecular mechanisms drivingFrontiers in molecular biosciences · 2026Review
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- Modern therapeutic strategies to mitigate biofilm-associated infection in livestock organisms.Antonie van Leeuwenhoek · 2025Review
- Cytosolic receptors and signaling in antifungal immunity.The EMBO journal · 2025Review
- Variations in virulence factors, antifungal susceptibility and extracellular polymeric substance compositions of cryptic and uncommon Candida species from oral candidiasis.BMC oral health · 2025Article
- Fungal biofilms in human health and disease.Nature reviews. Microbiology · 2025Review
- The Hidden Fortress: A Comprehensive Review of Fungal Biofilms with Emphasis onJournal of fungi (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- The Effect of Temperature over the Growth and Biofilm Formation of the ThermotolerantJournal of fungi (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Mechanisms of fungal pathogenic DNA-activated STING pathway in biofilms and its implication in dental caries onset.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2025Review
- DuringAutophagy reports · 2025Article
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- Life on a leaf: the epiphyte to pathogen continuum and interplay in the phyllosphere.BMC biology · 2024Review
17 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
6 authors at 4 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Aspergillus fumigatus has been shown to form biofilms that are associated with adaptive antifungal resistance mechanisms. These include multidrug efflux pumps, heat shock proteins, and extracellular matrix (ECM). ECM is a key structural and protective component of microbial biofilms and in bacteria has been shown to contain extracellular DNA (eDNA). We therefore hypothesized that A. fumigatus biofilms also possess eDNA as part of the ECM, conferring a functional role. Fluorescence microscopy and quantitative PCR analyses demonstrated the presence of eDNA, which was released phase dependently (8 < 12 < 24 < 48 h). Random amplification of polymorphic DNA (RAPD) PCR showed that eDNA was identical to genomic DNA. Biofilm architectural integrity was destabilized by DNase treatment. Biochemical and transcriptional analyses showed that chitinase activity and mRNA levels of chitinase, a marker of autolysis, were significantly upregulated as the biofilm matured and that inhibition of chitinases affected biofilm growth and stability, indicating mechanistically that autolysis was possibly involved. Finally, using checkerboard assays, it was shown that combinational treatment of biofilms with DNase plus amphotericin B and caspofungin significantly improved antifungal susceptibility. Collectively, these data show that eDNA is an important structural component of A. fumigatus ECM that is released through autolysis, which is important for protection from environmental stresses, including antifungal therapy.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.