ArticleNeurobiology of disease2013
Isoflurane postconditioning reduces ischemia-induced nuclear factor-κB activation and interleukin 1β production to provide neuroprotection in rats and mice.
Article in Neurobiology of disease, 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT05601856 (Gut Microbiome and Blood Indices in Patients With AD and Their Spousal Caregivers), which is not on this map. Cited by 50 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Gut Microbiome and Blood Indices in Patients With AD and Their Spousal Caregivers
Who cites it
50 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 94 citations in OpenAlex.
- Translational challenges of remote ischemic conditioning in ischemic stroke - a systematic review.Annals of clinical and translational neurology · 2021Pooled it
- Pooled it
- Cognitive function and delirium following sevoflurane or propofol anesthesia for valve replacement surgery: A multicenter randomized controlled trial.The Kaohsiung journal of medical sciences · 2023Trial
- Genetic Assessment of Neurotoxicity Accompanied by Inhalational Anesthesia in Preclinical Studies with Focus on Sevoflurane and Isoflurane-A Narrative Review.Brain sciences · 2026Review
- The kynurenine pathway in pediatric "mild-to-moderate" traumatic brain injury: translational insights from a prospective human study and a large-animal model.Brain, behavior, and immunity · 2026Article
- Changes in Type 1 Diabetes-Associated Gut Microbiota Aggravate Brain Ischemia Injury by Affecting Microglial Polarization Via the Butyrate-MyD88 Pathway in Mice.Molecular neurobiology · 2025Article
- Pyrrolidine Dithiocarbamate Ameliorates Sepsis-Associated Encephalopathy by Inhibiting Autophagy and Inflammation in the Brain.Neurochemical research · 2025Article
- Isoflurane lowers the cerebral metabolic rate of oxygen and prevents hypoxia during cortical spreading depolarizationJournal of cerebral blood flow and metabolism : official journal of the International Society of Cerebral Blood Flow and Metabolism · 2024Article
- Delayed COCNS neuroscience & therapeutics · 2023Article
- Isoflurane Conditioning Provides Protection against Subarachnoid Hemorrhage Induced Delayed Cerebral Ischemia through NF-kB Inhibition.Biomedicines · 2023Article
- The Serial Anesthesia Array for the High-Throughput Investigation of Volatile Agents Using Drosophila melanogaster.Journal of visualized experiments : JoVE · 2023Article
- Activation of the Lateral Habenula-Ventral Tegmental Area Neural Circuit Contributes to Postoperative Cognitive Dysfunction in Mice.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2022Article
- Novel derivatives of eugenol as potent anti-inflammatory agentsRSC advances · 2022Article
- Dynamics of isoflurane-induced vasodilation and blood flow of cerebral vasculature revealed by multi-exposure speckle imaging.Journal of neuroscience methods · 2022Article
- Critical role of FPR1 in splenocyte migration into brain to worsen inflammation and ischemic brain injury in mice.Theranostics · 2022Article
- Transcriptomic response of brain tissue to focused ultrasound-mediated blood-brain barrier disruption depends strongly on anesthesia.Bioengineering & translational medicine · 2021Article
- Review Cerebral Ischemic Tolerance and Preconditioning: Methods, Mechanisms, Clinical Applications, and Challenges.Frontiers in neurology · 2020Review
- Propofol inhibited autophagy through CaMolecular medicine (Cambridge, Mass.) · 2018Article
- Neuroprotective effects of TRPA1 channels in the cerebral endothelium following ischemic stroke.eLife · 2018Article
- Age-Related Upregulation of Carboxyl Terminal Modulator Protein Contributes to the Decreased Brain Ischemic Tolerance in Older Rats.Molecular neurobiology · 2018Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors at 1 institution in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Application of isoflurane, a volatile anesthetic, after brain ischemia can reduce ischemic brain injury in rodents (isoflurane postconditioning). This study is designed to determine whether isoflurane postconditioning improves long-term neurological outcome after focal brain ischemia and whether this protection is mediated by attenuating neuroinflammation. Adult male Sprague-Dawley rats were subjected to a 90-min middle cerebral arterial occlusion (MCAO). Isoflurane postconditioning was performed by exposing rats to 2% isoflurane for 60min immediately after the MCAO. Isoflurane postconditioning reduced brain infarct volumes, apoptotic cells in the ischemic penumbral brain tissues and neurological deficits of rats at 4weeks after the MCAO. Isoflurane postconditioning reduced brain ischemia/reperfusion-induced nuclear transcription factor (NF)-κB (NF-κB) activation as well as interleukin 1β (IL-1β) and interleukin-6 production in the ischemic penumbral brain tissues at 24h after the MCAO. IL-1β deficient mice had smaller brain infarct volumes and better neurological functions than wild-type mice at 24h after a 90-min focal brain ischemia. Isoflurane posttreatment failed to induce neuroprotection in the IL-1β deficient mice. Our results suggest that isoflurane postconditioning improved long-term neurological outcome after transient focal brain ischemia. This protection may be mediated by inhibiting NF-κB activation and the production of the proinflammatory cytokine IL-1β.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.