ReviewSocial science & medicine (1982)2013
The critical period of infant feeding for the development of early disparities in obesity.
Review in Social science & medicine (1982), 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 55 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
55 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 117 citations in OpenAlex.
- Human milk composition in women with gestational diabetes mellitus: a systematic review and meta-analysis.BMC pregnancy and childbirth · 2025Pooled it
- Infant Feeding Beliefs, Attitudes, Knowledge and Practices of Chinese Immigrant Mothers: An Integrative Review of the Literature.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2017Pooled it
- Associations of maternal stress with children's weight-related behaviours: a systematic literature review.Obesity reviews : an official journal of the International Association for the Study of Obesity · 2017Pooled it
- A Randomized, Double-Blind, and Placebo-Controlled Trial of Chinese Herbal Medicine in the Treatment of Childhood Constipation.Clinical and translational gastroenterology · 2021Trial
- Toddler obesity prevention: A two-generation randomized attention-controlled trial.Maternal & child nutrition · 2021Trial
- Home-based intervention for non-Hispanic black families finds no significant difference in infant size or growth: results from the Mothers & Others randomized controlled trial.BMC pediatrics · 2020Trial
- Exposure to a slightly sweet lipid-based nutrient supplement during early life does not increase the level of sweet taste most preferred among 4- to 6-year-old Ghanaian children: follow-up of a randomized controlled trial.The American journal of clinical nutrition · 2019Trial
- Family-based obesity prevention for infants: Design of the "Mothers & Others" randomized trial.Contemporary clinical trials · 2017Trial
- Early infant appetitive traits are associated with growth status and adiposity in African-American infants and toddlers.Annals of human biology · 2025Article
- Infant dietary patterns and early childhood weight outcomes: a secondary analysis from the Starting Early Program Trial.Research square · 2025Article
- Article
- Evaluation of the reliability and validity of a Caregivers' Complementary Feeding Practice Scale (CCFPS) for children aged 6-23 months in urban areas of China.Journal of global health · 2025Article
- Interactions with alloparents are associated with the diversity of infant skin and fecal bacterial communities in Chicago, United States.American journal of human biology : the official journal of the Human Biology Council · 2025Article
- Biological and behavioral pathways from prenatal depression to offspring cardiometabolic risk: Testing the developmental origins of health and disease hypothesis.Developmental psychology · 2024Review
- Concordance in dietary intake among caregivers and infants during the period of complementary feeding: A scoping review.Appetite · 2024Article
- Article
- African American mothers' perceptions of infant body size are prospectively associated with infant growth and BMI.American journal of human biology : the official journal of the Human Biology Council · 2023Article
- Review
- Article
- Development of an Individualized Responsive Feeding Intervention-Learning Early Infant Feeding Cues: Protocol for a Nonrandomized Study.JMIR research protocols · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
2 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Childhood obesity is an increasing public health problem, particularly among minority infants and young children. Disparities in overweight prevalence persist and widen with age, highlighting the need to identify factors contributing to early excess weight gain. We review the behavioral, social and macro-environmental factors contributing to the development of obesogenic early feeding practices among African-American infants and young children. We then examine the sociodemographic, household factors, feeding beliefs and infant characteristics associated with age-inappropriate feeding of liquids and solids (inappropriate feeding) among mothers and infants participating the U.S. Infant Care and Risk of Obesity Study, a cohort study of 217 low-income, first-time mothers and infants followed from 3 to 18 months of age. Maternal and infant anthropometry, infant diet, and maternal and household characteristics were collected at home visits at 3, 6, 9, 12 and 18 months of age. Mixed logistic regression was used to estimate the association between maternal and infant characteristics and inappropriate feeding. Rates of age-inappropriate feeding are high; over 75% of infants received solids or juice by 3 months of age. The odds of age-inappropriate feeding were higher among mothers who were single, depressed or believed that their infant is a "greedy" baby. Inappropriate feeding was associated with higher daily energy intake in infants (β = 109.28 calories, p = 0.01) and with increased odds of high infant weight-for-length (WFL; OR = 1.74, 95%CI: 1.01-3.01). Our findings suggest that age-inappropriate complementary feeding influences current energy intakes and infant WFL, factors that may increase long-term obesity risk by shaping infant appetite, food preferences, and metabolism. Given the intractability of pediatric obesity, understanding the role of early feeding in shaping long-term health disparities is critical for developing prevention strategies to stem obesity in early childhood.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.