ArticlePloS one2013
Inhibitory influence of Enterococcus faecium on the propagation of swine influenza A virus in vitro.
Article in PloS one, 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 43 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
43 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 78 citations in OpenAlex.
- Modulation of gut microbiota protects against viral respiratory tract infections: a systematic review of animal and clinical studies.European journal of nutrition · 2021Pooled it
- The Commensal Microbiota and Viral Infection: A Comprehensive Review.Frontiers in immunology · 2019Pooled it
- Trial
- Construction of Synthetic Probiotic Bacteria for In Situ Delivery of Anti-SARS-CoV-2 Nanobodies.Probiotics and antimicrobial proteins · 2026Article
- Article
- Interplay between viral infections and gut microbiota dysbiosis: Mechanisms and therapeutic potential.World journal of gastroenterology · 2026Review
- The Role of Probiotics and Their Postbiotic Metabolites in Post-COVID-19 Syndrome.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Exploring the Therapeutic Landscape of Probiotics in Enteric and Respiratory Viral Infections.Probiotics and antimicrobial proteins · 2025Review
- The dynamics of microbiome and virome in migratory birds of southwest China.NPJ biofilms and microbiomes · 2025Article
- Investigation of gut microbiota disorders in norovirus infected children patients based on 16s rRNA sequencing.Annals of medicine · 2024Article
- Assessment of the Safety and Probiotic Properties ofMicroorganisms · 2024Article
- Avian influenza and gut microbiome in poultry and humans: A "One Health" perspective.Fundamental research · 2024Review
- The Role of Probiotics in Improving Food Safety: Inactivation of Pathogens and Biological Toxins.Current pharmaceutical biotechnology · 2024Review
- The Respiratory Microbiome in Paediatric Chronic Wet Cough: What Is Known and Future Directions.Journal of clinical medicine · 2023Review
- Potential probiotics for regulation of the gut-lung axis to prevent or alleviate influenza in vulnerable populations.Journal of traditional and complementary medicine · 2023Review
- Implications and Mechanisms of Antiviral Effects of Lactic Acid Bacteria: A Systematic Review.International journal of microbiology · 2023Review
- Development of a live biotherapeutic throat spray with lactobacilli targeting respiratory viral infections.Microbial biotechnology · 2023Article
- Pharmacological Efficacy of Probiotics in Respiratory Viral Infections: A Comprehensive Review.Journal of personalized medicine · 2022Review
- Review
- The potential application of probiotics for the prevention and treatment of COVID-19.The Egyptian journal of medical human genetics · 2022Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
8 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The control of infectious diseases such as swine influenza viruses (SwIV) plays an important role in food production both from the animal health and from the public health point of view. Probiotic microorganisms and other health improving food supplements have been given increasing attention in recent years, but, no information on the effects of probiotics on swine influenza virus is available. Here we address this question by assessing the inhibitory potential of the probiotic Enterococcus faecium NCIMB 10415 (E. faecium) on the replication of two porcine strains of influenza virus (H1N1 and H3N2 strain) in a continuous porcine macrophage cell line (3D4/21) and in MDBK cells. Cell cultures were treated with E. faecium at the non-toxic concentration of 1×10(6) CFU/ml in growth medium for 60 to 90 min before, during and after SwIV infection. After further incubation of cultures in probiotic-free growth medium, cell viability and virus propagation were determined at 48 h or 96 h post infection. The results obtained reveal an almost complete recovery of viability of SwIV infected cells and an inhibition of virus multiplication by up to four log units in the E. faecium treated cells. In both 3D4/21- and MDBK-cells a 60 min treatment with E. faecium stimulated nitric oxide (NO) release which is in line with published evidence for an antiviral function of NO. Furthermore, E. faecium caused a modified cellular expression of selected mediators of defence in 3D4-cells: while the expression of TNF-α, TLR-3 and IL-6 were decreased in the SwIV-infected and probiotic treated cells, IL-10 was found to be increased. Since we obtained experimental evidence for the direct adsorptive trapping of SwIV through E. faecium, this probiotic microorganism inhibits influenza viruses by at least two mechanisms, direct physical interaction and strengthening of innate defence at the cellular level.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.