ReviewPLoS pathogens2012
Virus-encoded microRNAs: an overview and a look to the future.
Review in PLoS pathogens, 2012. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 226 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
226 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 387 citations in OpenAlex.
- The role of microRNAs in modulating SARS-CoV-2 infection in human cells: a systematic review.Infection, genetics and evolution : journal of molecular epidemiology and evolutionary genetics in infectious diseases · 2021Pooled it
- Human papillomavirus-encoded microRNAs: key regulators in cervical cancer development.RNA biology · 2026Review
- Investigating the Role of microRNA in Host-Influenza A and Other Respiratory RNA Virus Interactions.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Article
- Long Non-Coding RNA Encoded by Infectious Bronchitis Virus Facilitates Viral Replication via Direct Interaction with G3BP2 and Expression Regulation of a Novel Host MicroRNA.Veterinary sciences · 2026Article
- Ribosomal proteins, miRNAs, and extracellular vesicles in myelodysplastic syndromes: molecular regulation and biomarker potential.Frontiers in oncology · 2026Review
- SARS-CoV-2 RNA-binding protein suppresses extracellular miRNA release.RNA biology · 2025Article
- Article
- Identification of novel RNA polymerase III promoters in bovine leukemia virus miRNA cluster by cross-taxa analysis of small non-coding RNAs.BMC genomics · 2025Article
- Exploring the frontier of non-coding RNAs: biogenesis, functional diversity, and disease associations of circRNAs and tinyRNAs.Molecular biology reports · 2025Review
- A comprehensive overview on the crosstalk between microRNAs and viral pathogenesis and infection.Medicinal research reviews · 2025Review
- Identification and characterization of host miRNAs that target the mouse mammary tumour virus (MMTV) genome.Open biology · 2024Article
- Circulating miRNAs in the Plasma of Post-COVID-19 Patients with Typical Recovery and Those with Long-COVID Symptoms: Regulation of Immune Response-Associated Pathways.Non-coding RNA · 2024Article
- Significance of Artificial Intelligence in the Study of Virus-Host Cell Interactions.Biomolecules · 2024Review
- Human cytomegalovirus microRNAs: strategies for immune evasion and viral latency.Archives of virology · 2024Review
- ceRNA Network Analysis Reveals Potential Key miRNAs and Target Genes in COVID-19-Related Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease.Applied biochemistry and biotechnology · 2024Article
- Anelloviruses versus human immunity: how do we control these viruses?FEMS microbiology reviews · 2024Review
- Evaluation of immune sensor responses to a viral small noncoding RNA.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2024Article
- The viral etiology of EBV-associated gastric cancers contributes to their unique pathology, clinical outcomes, treatment responses and immune landscape.Frontiers in immunology · 2024Review
- Shaping the host cell environment with viral noncoding RNAs.Seminars in cell & developmental biology · 2023Review
166 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small RNAs that play important roles in the regulation of gene expression. First described as posttranscriptional gene regulators in eukaryotic hosts, virus-encoded miRNAs were later uncovered. It is now apparent that diverse virus families, most with DNA genomes, but at least some with RNA genomes, encode miRNAs. While deciphering the functions of viral miRNAs has lagged behind their discovery, recent functional studies are bringing into focus these roles. Some of the best characterized viral miRNA functions include subtle roles in prolonging the longevity of infected cells, evading the immune response, and regulating the switch to lytic infection. Notably, all of these functions are particularly important during persistent infections. Furthermore, an emerging view of viral miRNAs suggests two distinct groups exist. In the first group, viral miRNAs mimic host miRNAs and take advantage of conserved networks of host miRNA target sites. In the larger second group, viral miRNAs do not share common target sites conserved for host miRNAs, and it remains unclear what fraction of these targeted transcripts are beneficial to the virus. Recent insights from multiple virus families have revealed new ways of interacting with the host miRNA machinery including noncanonical miRNA biogenesis and new mechanisms of posttranscriptional cis gene regulation. Exciting challenges await the field, including determining the most relevant miRNA targets and parlaying our current understanding of viral miRNAs into new therapeutic strategies. To accomplish these goals and to better grasp miRNA function, new in vivo models that recapitulate persistent infections associated with viral pathogens are required.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.