ArticleProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America2013
Sexual reproduction and mating-type-mediated strain development in the penicillin-producing fungus Penicillium chrysogenum.
Article in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 64 papers.
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Who cites it
64 citing papers in PubMed, 126 citations in OpenAlex.
- Temporal Change, Frequency, and Spatial Distribution of Mating Types ofJournal of fungi (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Mating-type locus structure affects gene expression in unidirectional mating-type switching fungi.G3 (Bethesda, Md.) · 2026Article
- Emerging roles of protein modifications in sexual reproduction and pathogenesis of filamentous fungi.Frontiers in microbiology · 2026Review
- Identification of quantitative trait loci (QTLs) for key cheese making phenotypes in the blue-cheese mold Penicillium roqueforti.PLoS genetics · 2025Article
- Transgressive phenotypes from outbreeding between theMicrobiology spectrum · 2024Article
- Functional analysis of the mating type genes in Verticillium dahliae.BMC biology · 2024Article
- CRISPR/Cas9-Mediated Disruption of theJournal of fungi (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- A comprehensive review on the medicinally valuable endosymbiotic fungi Penicillium chrysogenum.Archives of microbiology · 2023Review
- Transcriptional analysis of the dimorphic fungus Umbilicaria muehlenbergii reveals the molecular mechanism of phenotypic transition.World journal of microbiology & biotechnology · 2023Article
- Review
- Needles in fungal haystacks: Discovery of a putative a-factor pheromone and a unique mating strategy in the Leotiomycetes.PloS one · 2023Article
- Truncation ofMicrobiology spectrum · 2022Article
- Article
- Genome sequences of 24 Aspergillus niger sensu stricto strains to study strain diversity, heterokaryon compatibility, and sexual reproduction.G3 (Bethesda, Md.) · 2022Article
- Review
- Comparative analysis ofFrontiers in microbiology · 2022Article
- TheFrontiers in fungal biology · 2022Article
- Genetic Networks That Govern Sexual Reproduction in the Pezizomycotina.Microbiology and molecular biology reviews : MMBR · 2021Review
- The Confusion in Renaming Species: Penicillium chrysogenum and Penicillium rubens.Microbiology resource announcements · 2021Article
- Mating Systems in True Morels (Microbiology and molecular biology reviews : MMBR · 2021Review
4 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
11 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Penicillium chrysogenum is a filamentous fungus of major medical and historical importance, being the original and present-day industrial source of the antibiotic penicillin. The species has been considered asexual for more than 100 y, and despite concerted efforts, it has not been possible to induce sexual reproduction, which has prevented sexual crosses being used for strain improvement. However, using knowledge of mating-type (MAT) gene organization, we now describe conditions under which a sexual cycle can be induced leading to production of meiotic ascospores. Evidence of recombination was obtained using both molecular and phenotypic markers. The identified heterothallic sexual cycle was used for strain development purposes, generating offspring with novel combinations of traits relevant to penicillin production. Furthermore, the MAT1-1-1 mating-type gene, known primarily for a role in governing sexual identity, was also found to control transcription of a wide range of genes with biotechnological relevance including those regulating penicillin production, hyphal morphology, and conidial formation. These discoveries of a sexual cycle and MAT gene function are likely to be of broad relevance for manipulation of other asexual fungi of economic importance.
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